论无罪推定原则在审前羁押制度中的构建

发布时间：2019-01-08 13:23

【摘要】：无罪推定原则是指任何人(包括犯罪嫌疑人和被告人)在没有经过法院依法审判的司法程序确定为有罪的情况下,是不能在法律上推定其有罪而把其看作是罪人的,反之应该在法律上推定其无罪。由此,犯罪嫌疑人和被告人的诉讼地位以及诉讼权利都是由这一原则决定的。无罪推定原则作为一项重要的刑事诉讼原则,已经被大多数的现代法治国家普遍认可和确立,并且它也作为一项基本人权在国际范围内得到确认和保护。同时,无罪推定原则也是司法文明和人权保障的体现,是社会由愚昧落后走向科学、由专制擅断走向民主公正的一项重要标志。目前,在我国现行的法律中虽然有无罪推定原则的些许规定,但是这一原则主要运用在刑事审判程序中,在其他的程序,例如审前羁押程序中就没有引起足够的重视,对这一原则的规定还有很多的保留,这就造成了司法实践中的大量问题的存在,不利于司法建设的进程。因此,在审前羁押程序中应当贯彻无罪推定原则,一方面要完善司法审查和取保候审制度,另一方面要完善待审羁押措施变更和撤销制度与审押分离和侦押分离制度,同时还要加强普法宣传提高执法人员的素质以及广大民众的法律意识,使得犯罪嫌疑人和被告人的人权切实得到保障和落实。本文从审前羁押制度中的无罪推定原则入手,对无罪推定原则在审前羁押制度进行比较研究,在深入分析无罪推定原则在我国刑事诉讼审前羁押制度中现状的基础上,提出了在审前羁押制度中贯彻无罪推定原则的具体建议。
[Abstract]:The principle of presumption of innocence means that a person (including a criminal suspect and an accused) cannot be legally presumed to be guilty without having been established as guilty by judicial proceedings tried in accordance with the law by the court, and he cannot be regarded as a sinner by law. On the contrary, he should be presumed innocent by law. Therefore, the criminal suspect and defendant's litigation status and litigation right are determined by this principle. As an important principle of criminal procedure, presumption of innocence has been universally recognized and established in most modern countries under the rule of law, and it is also recognized and protected in international scope as a basic human right. At the same time, the principle of presumption of innocence is also the embodiment of judicial civilization and human rights protection. It is an important symbol of society from ignorance and backwardness to science, from autocracy to democracy and justice. At present, although there are some provisions of the presumption of innocence principle in the current law of our country, this principle is mainly applied in the criminal trial procedure, but it does not attract enough attention in other procedures, such as pretrial detention procedure. There are many reservations about this principle, which leads to the existence of a large number of problems in judicial practice, which is not conducive to the process of judicial construction. Therefore, we should carry out the principle of presumption of innocence in the pretrial detention procedure. On the one hand, we should perfect the system of judicial review and bail awaiting trial, on the other hand, we should perfect the system of changing and revoking the measures of detention pending trial, and the separation of trial and custody and the system of separation of investigation and custody. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the dissemination of law and improve the quality of law enforcement personnel and the legal awareness of the general public, so that the human rights of suspects and defendants can be effectively protected and implemented. Starting with the principle of presumption of innocence in pretrial detention system, this paper makes a comparative study on the principle of presumption of innocence in pretrial detention system, and on the basis of deeply analyzing the present situation of the principle of presumption of innocence in the pretrial detention system of criminal proceedings in China. Some suggestions are put forward to carry out the principle of presumption of innocence in the system of pretrial detention.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926

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