罪犯权利保障研究

发布时间：2019-01-11 10:43

【摘要】：保障罪犯权利的根据首先体现在保障罪犯的权利是衡量我国人权状况的标尺,体现了罪犯的公民身份;保障罪犯的权利是依法治国和建设和谐社会的需要;保障罪犯的权利也是保障监狱良好秩序的需要。确立罪犯权利的范围应坚持人权保障原则、法治原则、刑罚个别化原则及再社会化原则,这几个原则相辅相成,共同作用,缺一不可。罪犯权利可分为罪犯的法定权利和应有权利。罪犯的法定权利主要有政治权利、劳动休息权利、宗教信仰自由权、人身权利、经济权利及辩护、申述、控告、检举权;罪犯的应有权利主要有申请减刑、假释、保外就医的权利及婚姻家庭权。罪犯的应有权利是对罪犯的法定权利的补充,需要在立法中给予明确规定。罪犯权利保障的阻碍因素可分为立法中的障碍和执行中的障碍。立法中的障碍主要有《监狱法》对罪犯权利的规定与我国加入的有关国际条约不同步,《监狱法》规定的罪犯权利的种类不完整,《监狱法》规定的罪犯权利内容抽象。而执行中的障碍主要是执行人员观念陈旧,执行人员的职业素质偏低,监狱管理制度落后。保障罪犯权利的措施分为立法救济和执行中的救济。立法救济主要是要完善监狱立法,一是完善罪犯的劳动立法,完善罪犯劳动时间、劳动负荷、安全卫生、工伤保险、劳动报酬等问题,使之与我国加入的国际条约同步;二是补全罪犯权利的种类,将罪犯应当享有的申请减刑、假释及保外就医的权利纳入法律体系;此外,就是要加强部门法之间的衔接,使罪犯权利保障有一个完整的法律体系。执行中的救济主要是要提高执行人员的素质,完善监狱管理制度以及加强监狱行刑的监督力度。
[Abstract]:The basis of protecting the rights of criminals is that the protection of the rights of criminals is the yardstick to measure the human rights of our country and reflects the citizenship of criminals, the protection of the rights of criminals is the need of governing the country according to law and building a harmonious society. Safeguarding the rights of criminals is also the need to ensure good order in prisons. To establish the scope of criminal rights, we should adhere to the principle of human rights protection, the principle of rule by law, the principle of individualization of punishment and the principle of re-socialization. These principles complement each other and work together. The rights of criminals can be divided into legal rights and due rights of criminals. The legal rights of criminals are mainly political rights, labor rest rights, freedom of religious belief, personal rights, economic rights and the right to defense, representation, accusation and prosecution; Criminals should have the right to apply for commutation of sentence, parole, the right to seek medical treatment outside prison and the right to marriage and family. The due right of the criminal is a supplement to the legal right of the criminal, which needs to be clearly stipulated in the legislation. The obstacles to the protection of criminal rights can be divided into obstacles in legislation and obstacles in implementation. The main obstacles in legislation are that the provisions on the rights of criminals in Prison Law are out of step with the relevant international treaties to which China is a party, the categories of prisoners' rights stipulated in the Prison Law are not complete, and the contents of prisoners' rights stipulated in the Prison Law are abstract. The obstacles in execution are the outmoded concept of the executive, the low professional quality of the executor and the backward prison management system. The measures to protect the rights of criminals can be divided into legislative relief and enforcement relief. The main purpose of the legislative relief is to perfect the prison legislation. First, to perfect the criminal's labor legislation, to perfect the criminal's working time, labor load, safety and health, industrial injury insurance, labor compensation and so on, so that it can keep pace with the international treaties that China has joined. Second, it is necessary to supplement the types of criminal rights and to incorporate into the legal system the right to apply for commutation of sentence, parole and access to medical treatment outside prison, which should be enjoyed by criminals; in addition, it is necessary to strengthen the link between departmental laws so as to provide a complete legal system for the protection of criminals' rights. The relief in execution is mainly to improve the quality of the executors, improve the prison management system and strengthen the prison execution supervision.
【学位授予单位】：广西民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926.7

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