论司法人员之独立人格与司法制度的合理设计

发布时间：2019-01-21 13:49

【摘要】：我国在制度上尚未确立司法独立或者司法人员独立,仅规定了狭义的、形式上的独立行使审判权、独立行使检察权,现代意义的司法独立在司法实践中没有得到良好的确立,即使狭义的审判独立和检察独立仍受到来自各方的干预,司法权威遭到破坏。司法独立本身应当归结为政治体制改革的范畴,但是在完成这项政治改革之前,我们并不是无所作为的,本文关注到司法独立与司法人员的独立人格有条件关系,只有独立的人和独立的人格才能承担司法独立的重大责任。笔者认为从现行制度演化到真正的司法独立,其必然过程是司法活动和管理的去行政化,本文通过对司法人员独立人格的探讨以及相关非行政化制度建设的设想,深入到司法独立的创建当中,为我国早日实现司法独立尽学术思考之责。第一部分探讨司法人员的核心伦理品质就是独立人格。在本部分中,首先对司法人员的独立人格进行说明,强调法官、检察官同作为司法人员,其人格既有相似处亦有差异性,由此凸显其独立人格的内涵。紧接着指出研究司法人员独立人格的深层意图是旨在研究司法独立的实现路径。同时,对我国司法人员人格的立法、司法现状进行了介绍和评价,得出急需改善我国司法人员人格不够独立的问题。最后,提出司法人员所应当具有的独立人格的具体要求及对国外立法、司法、教育、培养的司法人员独立人格进行比较研究,引出司法人员人格独立应包含的道德要素。第二部分探讨司法人员独立人格及品格的重要道德要素。司法人员独立人格的培养既然是司法独立的重要基础,那么当然要对司法人员的独立人格所应具备的要素或者说素质进行探讨,清楚怎样的人才能成为具有独立人格的司法人员。第三部分主要通过对非行政化制度的设计来保障独立人格的实现。要保障司法人员独立人格,不是一句空话,需要制度的保障。司法人员与行政人员不同,这就决定了要从非行政化的角度对制度进行设想和建立。其中机构独立、上下级监督关系的落实、司法机关考评制度的改革等等是笔者认为保障司法人员独立人格必需解决的问题。
[Abstract]:In our country, judicial independence or judicial independence has not been established in the system, only the narrow sense and form of independent exercise of judicial power, independent exercise of prosecutorial power, the modern sense of judicial independence in judicial practice has not been well established. Even narrow-sense judicial independence and prosecutorial independence are still subject to interference from all parties, judicial authority has been undermined. Judicial independence itself should be summed up as the scope of political system reform, but before the completion of this political reform, we are not doing nothing. This paper focuses on the conditional relationship between judicial independence and the independent personality of judicial personnel. Only an independent person and an independent personality can bear the heavy responsibility of judicial independence. The author thinks that the inevitable process from the current system to the real judicial independence is to deadministrate the judicial activities and management. This paper discusses the independent personality of the judicial personnel and the assumption of the construction of the relevant non-administrative system. Deeply into the establishment of judicial independence, for our early realization of judicial independence academic responsibility. The first part discusses the core ethical quality of judicial personnel is independent personality. In this part, first of all, the independent personality of judicial personnel is explained, emphasizing that judges, prosecutors and as judicial personnel, their personality has similarities and differences, thus highlighting the connotation of their independent personality. Then it points out that the deep intention of studying the independent personality of judicial personnel is to study the path of judicial independence. At the same time, the author introduces and evaluates the legislation and judicial status of the personality of judicial personnel in our country, and concludes that it is urgent to improve the independence of the personality of judicial personnel in our country. Finally, the author puts forward the specific requirements of independent personality for judicial personnel and makes a comparative study of the independent personality of judicial personnel in foreign countries, such as legislation, judicature, education and cultivation, and leads to the moral elements that should be included in judicial personnel's personality independence. The second part discusses the important moral elements of the independent personality and character of judicial personnel. Since the cultivation of the independent personality of judicial personnel is an important basis for judicial independence, of course, we should explore the elements or qualities of the independent personality of judicial personnel. To know what kind of person can become an independent personality of the judiciary. The third part guarantees the realization of independent personality through the design of non-administrative system. To protect the independent personality of judicial personnel is not an empty word, need the protection of the system. The judicial personnel are different from the administrative staff, which determines the assumption and establishment of the system from the angle of non-administrative. Among them, institutional independence, the implementation of supervision relationship between superior and subordinate, the reform of judicial evaluation system and so on are the problems that must be solved to ensure the independent personality of judicial personnel.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926

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