论检察机关对公安机关侦查监督的完善

发布时间：2019-06-29 07:49

【摘要】：侦查作为侦查机关代表国家对犯罪嫌疑人进行的追诉活动，法律赋予了侦查机关对人或对物的强制处分权。这些强制手段大多涉及公民的各种权利，如果缺乏有效的制约手段或程序性保障措施，，侦查权的行使将可能侵犯公民的人身权或财产权。因此，侦查权必须受到监督。在我国，检察机关行使对刑事侦查的监督权。侦查监督是指检察机关依法对侦查机关（主要指公安机关）适用强制措施是否适当以及在侦查活动中有无违法行为实行的监督。对于监督的内容，《刑事诉讼法》第76条、《人民检察院刑事诉讼规则》第381条作了详细规定。侦查监督的价值主要体现在实现权力制约，确保侦查权良性运作，保障犯罪嫌疑人的合法权益不受侵犯等方面。通过对英美法系国家和大陆法系国家侦查监督制度的考察，分析目前我国检察机关对公安机关侦查监督的实施现状，我国的侦查监督制度从立法上到实践中都存在一些问题审查逮捕方面存在的问题主要有侦查机关提请逮捕后，又要求撤回提请逮捕，如何监督；捕后变更强制措施，检察机关如何实施法律监督。侦查活动监督方面存在的两个问题需研究解决:一是公安等侦查机关不同意检察机关要求提前介入侦查的案件，检察机关如何监督，二是检察机关引导取证，侦查机关不取证，如何监督。侦查监督在司法实践中主要存在对适用强制措施的侦查监督具有茫然性、监督责任不具体等问题。因此应当从立法上和司法实践中对侦查监督制度进行完善。立法上，完善侦查监督的程序立法，赋予检察机关对公安机关侦查监督相当的法律强制效力；借鉴西方国家实行司法审查制度。其次，从司法实践中逐步完善侦查监督制度，加强侦查监督工作的规范化；完善检察引导侦查制度；加强对公安机关未移送起诉案件的监督；建立信息共享平台，拓宽监督渠道；努力提高队伍素质，全面提高检察人员的执法水平，提高监督能力。
[Abstract]:Investigation as the prosecution activity of the investigation organ on behalf of the state against the criminal suspect, the law gives the investigation organ the compulsory right to dispose of people or things. Most of these coercive measures involve all kinds of rights of citizens. In the absence of effective means of restriction or procedural safeguards, the exercise of the right of investigation may infringe on the personal or property rights of citizens. Therefore, the power of investigation must be supervised. In our country, the procuratorial organ exercises the supervision power to the criminal investigation. Investigation supervision refers to the supervision whether the procuratorial organ applies coercive measures to the investigation organ (mainly refers to the public security organ) according to law and whether there are any illegal acts in the investigation activities. For the content of supervision, Article 76 of the Criminal procedure Law and Article 381 of the rules of Criminal procedure of the people's Procuratorate make detailed provisions. The value of investigation supervision is mainly reflected in the realization of power restriction, ensuring the benign operation of investigation power, and ensuring that the legitimate rights and interests of criminal suspects are not infringed. Through the investigation of the investigation supervision system of common law countries and civil law countries, this paper analyzes the present situation of the implementation of investigation supervision of public security organs by procuratorial organs in our country. There are some problems in the investigation supervision system of our country from legislation to practice. After the change of coercive measures after arrest, how to implement legal supervision by procuratorial organs. Two problems existing in the supervision of investigation activities need to be studied and solved: one is that the public security and other investigation organs do not agree to the request of the procuratorial organ to intervene in the investigation in advance, how the procuratorial organ supervises, the other is that the procuratorial organ guides the collection of evidence, the investigation organ does not take evidence, and how to supervise. In judicial practice, the investigation supervision mainly has some problems, such as the investigation supervision which applies the compulsory measures is blank, the supervision responsibility is not specific and so on. Therefore, the investigation supervision system should be improved from the legislation and judicial practice. In legislation, the procedural legislation of investigation supervision should be perfected, and the procuratorial organs should be given considerable legal compulsory effect on the investigation supervision of public security organs, and the judicial review system should be carried out for reference in western countries. Secondly, from the judicial practice, we should gradually improve the investigation supervision system, strengthen the standardization of investigation supervision work; perfect the procuratorial guidance investigation system; strengthen the supervision over the cases that have not been transferred to the public security organs; establish the information sharing platform and broaden the supervision channels; strive to improve the quality of the team, improve the law enforcement level of procuratorial personnel in an all-round way, and improve the supervision ability.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D925.2;D926.34

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