论股东大会决议程序瑕疵的法律救济

发布时间：2018-03-22 11:49

本文选题：股东大会决议　切入点：团体法律行为　出处：《西南政法大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 股东大会是由全体股东组成的会议体,是公司的最高权力机关。股东大会决议,即是通过股东的表决就公司特定事项而形成的公司意思。股东大会决议在性质上是一种法律行为,而且其作为商法上的一种法律行为,有着传统民法上的法律行为(如合同、合伙契约等)所不具有的商事性和团体性,简言之,股东大会决议是一种团体法律行为。合法有效的股东大决议的形成依赖于股东大会的合法有效召开,但实践中存在违反法定程序召开股东大会和形成决议的情形,这就不同程度地损害了股东及相关利害关系人的利益。为了保护股东和相关利害关系人的合法权益,许多国家都规定了股东大会决议瑕疵救济制度,我国现行《公司法》也规定了股东大会决议瑕疵救济制度,并把股东大会决议瑕疵分为程序瑕疵和内容瑕疵。鉴于我国现行《公司法》对内容瑕疵的规定较为完备,同时由于有限责任公司具有明显的人合性特征,决议瑕疵问题较易通过自治方式解决,因此本文仅对股份有限公司股东大会的决议程序瑕疵问题进行研究。文章除引言和结语外,正文分为四个部分。第一部分,是对股东大会决议基本理论问题的概述,涉及股东大会决议的性质和股东大会决议成立的程序要件等问题。股东大会决议在性质上是一种法律行为,而且具有传统民事法律行为所不具有的团体性和商事性,因此我们认为股东大会决议是一种团体法律行为。股东大会决议的程序要件是指股东大会必须由有召集权的人召集且股东出席数必须符合出席法定数的要求。第二部分,分析了股东大会决议程序瑕疵及其对决议效力的影响。首先介绍了股东大会决议程序瑕疵的表现形式,包括会议召集权人的瑕疵、会议召集通知程序的瑕疵和会议决议方法的瑕疵。紧接着阐述了三种不同类型的瑕疵对股东大会决议效力的影响。第三部分,是对股东大会决议程序瑕疵法律救济制度的论述,这也是本文的核心。首先说明了程序瑕疵决议救济的基本原理,然后分析了决议程序瑕疵的非司法救济和司法救济两种不同的救济方式。非司法救济包括全体股东的同意、股东放弃相应的权利以及瑕疵决议的撤回和追认;司法救济主要包括决议不成立之诉和决议撤销之诉,这部分主要分析了决议不成立之诉和决议撤销之诉的原告、被告和起诉期间,以及决议撤销之诉的裁量驳回制度,并对这两种诉讼之判决的效力作了分析。另外,本部分还对诉讼担保、诉讼保全、诉讼管辖和诉讼公告等问题进行了分析。第四部分,是对我国股东大会决议程序瑕疵救济制度的立法现状及完善的论述。首先介绍了现行《公司法》颁布前我国股东大会决议程序瑕疵救济制度的立法情况,接着深入分析了现行《公司法》对股东大会决议程序瑕疵救济制度的突破和我国股东大会决议程序瑕疵制度存在的不足。最后,对我国股东大会决议程序瑕疵救济制度的立法完善提出了以下四点建议:一是完善股东大会的召集及决议制度;二是股东大会决议瑕疵非司法救济措施的完善;三是股东大会决议瑕疵司法救济措施的完善;四是明确决议瑕疵的司法救济与非司法救济的关系。
[Abstract]:The general meeting of shareholders is composed of all the shareholders meeting, is the company's highest authority. The resolution of the general meeting of shareholders, which is by the shareholders vote on company specific matters and the formation of the company. The resolution of the shareholders' meeting is a kind of legal act in nature, and as a commercial legal act, a law the behavior of the traditional civil law (such as contract, partnership contract etc.) do not have commercial and group, in short, the resolution of the shareholders' meeting is a group legal act. The formation of large shareholders resolution valid depends on the shareholders' meeting held valid, but the existing shareholders' meeting and form a resolution in violation of legal the program in practice, the different degree of harm to the shareholders and relevant stakeholders. In order to protect the interests of the shareholders and relevant stakeholders of the legitimate rights and interests, many countries have provided the large shareholders Will the defective resolution of relief system, China's current "Company Law > also provides the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders relief system, and the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders are divided into procedural flaws and content flaws. In view of China's current" Company Law > the provisions for content defects is more complete, but because of the limited liability company has obvious people together characteristics of the defective resolution of the problem easier to solve by autonomous mode, this article only study the resolution procedure defects of Limited by Share Ltd shareholders.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the text is divided into four parts.
The first part is an overview of the basic theory of the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders, relates to the nature of the Shareholders General Assembly resolutions and the resolutions of the shareholders' meeting established procedural requirements and other issues. The resolution of the shareholders' meeting is a kind of legal act in nature, but also has the traditional civil legal acts do not have commercial and group properties, so we believe that the general meeting of shareholders the resolution is a group legal act. Procedural elements of Shareholders General Assembly resolution refers to the shareholders' meeting convened by the right people must have attended the meeting and the shareholders attending the statutory number number must be consistent with the requirements.
The second part analyzes the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders procedural defects and its influence on the effectiveness of the resolution. First introduced the form of resolution of the general meeting of shareholders procedural defects, including meeting summonoblige flaws, convening notice procedures and meeting resolution method defects defects. And then expounds the influence of three kinds of defects on the validity of the shareholders the resolution of the meeting.
The third part is the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders procedural defects discuss the legal relief system, which is the core of this paper. Firstly, the basic principle of procedure flaw resolution of relief, and then analyzes the flaws of the resolution procedure non judicial remedy and judicial remedy two different remedies. Non judicial remedies include the consent of all shareholders, shareholders give up the corresponding rights and the defective resolution of the withdrawal and ratification; judicial remedies include the establishment of litigation and decided not to revoke the resolution of litigation, this part mainly analyzes the resolution unestablishment lawsuit and the resolution of the withdraw of the plaintiff, and the defendant during the prosecution, discretion and revoke the resolution of litigation system and the decision to dismiss. These two kinds of litigation effectiveness are analyzed. In addition, this part of the litigation guarantee, litigation preservation, litigation jurisdiction and litigation notice are discussed.
The fourth part is the legislative situation of our shareholders meeting resolution procedure flaws and improvement of the system in this paper. First introduced the current "Company Law > before the promulgation of resolution of our shareholders meeting procedure defects of the legislation of the relief system, then in-depth analysis of the shortcomings of existing company law > < breakthrough of the resolutions of the shareholders general assembly procedure defect the relief system of our country and the resolution of the general meeting of shareholders procedural flaws system. Finally, the resolution of our shareholders meeting program flaws relief system legislation put forward the following four suggestions: one is to improve the general meeting of shareholders convened and resolution system; two is the resolution of the shareholders' meeting to improve the judicial relief measures of the defects of non shareholders is three; General Assembly resolution improving the defects of judicial relief measures; the four is a clear relationship between the judicial remedies and non judicial remedies.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.291.91

【引证文献】