有限责任公司隐名股东资格认定研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 23:37

本文选题：有限责任公司　切入点：隐名股东　出处：《南京大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国经济体制改革深入发展,中国的经济领域也在逐步完善经济保障措施,一方面投资领域异常活跃,另一方面由于投资所带来的经济纠纷数量也在不断增多。隐名投资所带来的的纠纷就是众多经济纠纷中的一种。我国的《公司法》中并没有明确规定隐名股东和显名股东之间的关系,有限责任公司隐名股东资格的认定问题也一直是民商事领域中理论和现实的热点和难点。隐名股东资格的认定,不仅涉及到隐名出资人的股东资格和利益,也会对公司、公司内部其他股东等其他公司法律关系中的主体的利益造成很大影响。面对频繁出现的隐名出资现象,法律不能袖手旁观不加以规制,导致可能歪曲经济发展的正确方向。2011年1月最高人民法院颁布的《最高人民法院关于适用(中华人民共和国公司法)若干问题的规定(三)》对涉及名义出资人和隐名出资人之间、隐名出资人与公司或其他股东之间,以及隐名出资人与公司外部第三人之间的诸多关系进行了较为明晰的规定。一定程度上填补了法律的空白,但对于灵活的商事实践来说,“双重标准”很难得到彻底的适用。因此,对这一领域的研究,具有理论和现实的双重意义。本文通过对隐名出资人股东资格的认定标准的探讨,明确隐名股东的法律地位,在对有限责任公司隐名股东资格标准法律现状分析的基础上,进而提出一些解决方案和建议,希望笔者的这些浅见能为立法、司法提供一些解决思路。本文的主要内容分为以下四个部分：第一部分是隐名股东概述。通过对隐名股东的来源、概念、法律特征以及类型等基本问题的概括论述,明晰隐名股东概念的内涵和外延,确定文章研究问题所涉及的主要概念的范围,从而为下文的论述奠定基础。第二部分是有限责任公司隐名股东资格认定的原则和标准。首先概括归纳中外关于隐名股东资格认定的各种学说观点,包括形式说、实质说、区别说。然后从实践的视角出发,将隐名股东资格认定的证据应从哪些方面来着手进行分析。从而得出股东资格认定的原则,包括维护交易安全和公共利益、尊重自由、促进交易迅捷以及保持利益平衡维持公司稳定。最后从实质要件和形式要件两个方面对隐名股东资格认定的标准进行分析。第三部分是有限责任公司隐名股东资格认定纠纷的司法实践。对我国现阶段隐名股东资格认定纠纷现状简要介绍,为第四部分隐名股东资格认定的制度完善奠定现实基础。第四部分是有限责任公司隐名股东资格认定制度的完善。根据前文的分析,得出我国现行隐名股东资格认定的诸多不足,提出制度完善的相应措施。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the deepening development of China's economic system reform, China's economic field is gradually improving economic security measures. On the one hand, the investment field is extremely active, on the other hand, the number of economic disputes caused by investment is also increasing.The disputes brought about by anonymous investment are one of many economic disputes.The relationship between dormant shareholders and explicit shareholders is not clearly stipulated in the Company Law of our country. The determination of the qualification of dormant shareholders in limited liability companies has always been a hot and difficult point in theory and practice in the field of civil and commercial affairs.The identification of dormant shareholder's qualification not only involves the shareholder's qualification and interests of the anonymous investor, but also has a great influence on the interests of the main body in the legal relations of other companies, such as the company, other shareholders and so on.In the face of the frequent phenomenon of anonymous capital contribution, the law cannot stand idly by and not regulate it.In January 2011, the provisions of the Supreme people's Court on the Application of the Company Law of the people's Republic of China (III), concerning nominal investors and investors, were issued by the Supreme people's Court in January 2011.Between anonymous investors,The relationship between the anonymous investor and the company or other shareholders, as well as between the anonymous investor and the third party outside the company, is clearly regulated.To some extent, it fills the blank of law, but for flexible commercial practice, "double standard" is difficult to be fully applied.Therefore, the study of this field has both theoretical and practical significance.In this paper, through the discussion of the qualification criteria of dormant investors, the legal status of dormant shareholders is clarified. Based on the analysis of the legal status quo of the qualification standards of dormant shareholders in limited liability companies, some solutions and suggestions are put forward.I hope these superficial views can provide some ideas for legislation and judicature.The main content of this paper is divided into the following four parts: the first part is an overview of anonymous shareholders.By summarizing the origin, concept, legal characteristics and types of dormant shareholders, this paper clarifies the connotation and extension of the concept of dormant shareholders, and determines the scope of the main concepts involved in the research.So as to lay the foundation for the following discussion.The second part is the principle and standard of qualification of dormant shareholders of limited liability company.Firstly, it summarizes the various theories about the qualification of dormant shareholders at home and abroad, including formal theory, essence theory and distinction theory.Then, from the perspective of practice, the paper analyzes the evidence of the qualification of dormant shareholders.Thus, the principles of shareholder qualification determination are obtained, including safeguarding transaction security and public interest, respecting freedom, promoting transaction quickness and maintaining the balance of interests to maintain the stability of the company.Finally, the paper analyzes the criteria of qualification of anonymous shareholders from two aspects: substantive and formal elements.The third part is limited liability company hidden shareholder qualification dispute judicial practice.This paper briefly introduces the current situation of dormant shareholder qualification identification dispute in our country, which lays a realistic foundation for perfecting the system of dormant shareholder qualification confirmation in the fourth part.The fourth part is the perfection of the qualification system of dormant shareholders of limited liability company.According to the above analysis, this paper points out the shortcomings of the qualification of anonymous shareholders in our country, and puts forward the corresponding measures to perfect the system.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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