论美国公司法的二元规制格局

发布时间：2018-04-05 20:59

本文选题：美国　切入点：公司法　出处：《法制与社会》2016年05期

【摘要】：美国是联邦制的国家,联邦与州具有不同的立法权。与公司有关的立法在北美殖民地时期沿袭英国传统,特许公司由英国国会批准设立。后来,地方当局开始具有颁发特许状的权力。美国独立之后,各州顺利成章地成为公司事务的规制主体,而联邦则一直对这一领域保持克制。随着美国公司规模的扩张,联邦政府开始进行反垄断立法,1890年《谢尔曼反托拉斯法》是其开端。1929年美国金融危机的爆发,联邦政府加强了对金融市场的监管,颁布了《1933年证券法》和《1934年证券交易法》。这些立法对于公司也具有规制作用,而且其作用越来越重要。因此,美国公司法呈现出以州为主导,联邦通过反垄断法等法律同时进行干预的二元规制格局。
[Abstract]:The United States is a federal country with different legislative powers between the federal and the state.Corporate legislation followed a British tradition during the North American colonies, and chartered companies were approved by the British Parliament.Later, local authorities began to have the power to issue charters.Since the independence of the United States, the states have successfully become regulatory subjects of corporate affairs, while the Federation has been restrained in this area.With the expansion of American companies, the federal government began to enact antitrust legislation, and the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 was the beginning. With the outbreak of the US financial crisis in 1929, the federal government strengthened its supervision of financial markets.The Securities Act 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act 1934 were promulgated.These legislations also have the regulation function to the company, and its function is becoming more and more important.Therefore, the United States Company Law presents a dual regulatory pattern of state-led and federal intervention through anti-monopoly laws and other laws at the same time.
【作者单位】：华东政法大学;
【分类号】：D971.2;DD916

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