公司登记的法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-04-07 15:54

本文选题：公司登记　切入点：登记效力　出处：《中国政法大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 公司是市场经济最为活跃的组织形式,是世界各国重要的商事主体之一。公司设立登记直接关涉公司作为法律主体地位的确定,关涉公司的行为能力,对于国家对其实施监督管理,保障市场交易的安全和效率具有重要意义。目前我国并无统一的公司登记法,现行的有关公司登记的法律、法规散见于公司法、行政法规和国家工商行政管理部门发布的通知中,以行政法律规范居多。公司登记是公司法律制度中最能够体现国家公权力对私法上的主体进行干预的制度之一。我国的公司登记机关为国家工商行政管理总局及地方行政管理局,为行政机关。从本质上说,公司登记是一种公法行为,具有行政确认的性质。公司登记的特点使其必然蒙上一层较浓厚的国家干预色彩,而其中的规制也就不可避免。规制的重要目标就是平衡公司自治与政府规制的限度,使公司自治与法律规制相协调,使得政府行为能有效服务于公司这一市场主体。其中法律规制是为规制的重要手段。我国公司登记为登记要件主义,即不经登记公司不成立,在具体登记中采取了法人资格与营业能力合而为一的“统一主义”立法模式。实际上,《企业法人营业执照》是公司获得营业能力的表征,公司法人格的获得应当在于登记机关的核准登记而非营业执照的颁发,而区分公司法人资格和营业能力的取得,不仅获得了公司法理论的圆通,也为解决实践中吊销《企业法人营业执照》后公司主体资格存在与否的困境找到新的路径。本文试从研究公司登记制度的理论着手,探讨公司登记的价值取向,辨析公司登记的性质和效力,分析我国公司登记的现状,结合原因和发展趋势,对现有登记制度进行评析并对不足之处提出完善建议。本文共分为三部分。第一部分主要介绍了与我国公司登记制度相关的基础理论,包括公司登记的涵义、价值取向等,明确了我国公司登记的本质。第二部分结合规制的相关理论,研究我国公司登记的现状。市场交易存在着失灵的情形,作为对市场安全和国家对经济有效监管的考虑,公司登记体现了政府对国家经济生活的干预,此种干预是为必要。本段从登记主体、登记效力、登记依据、经营范围以及登记事项几个方面进行分析,论证了我国由行政机关管辖公司登记的合理性,着重对公司登记效力进行研究,对营业执照的法律效力进行了思考,对经营范围是否作为必要登记事项提出了质疑,对我国公司登记事项的要求进行了反思。第三部分为我国公司登记制度的完善探索。规制同样存在着失灵的情形,追求利益最大化也是市场发展的基本要义,因此国家强制须适度,公司应获得自控下的自由。公权力的干预应以公司自治为原则,以必要为限,仅当公司滥用自治权利有危害公共利益和国家经济安全之虞时方得适用。我国公司法律制度近年来虽有改革,但仍需完善,尤其在登记效力和登记内容方面,以期进一步实现公司登记效率与安全兼顾之价值取向。
[Abstract]:The company is the most active form of market economy, is one of the important commercial agent all over the world. To determine the company registration directly related company as the legal status of the company, with the ability of the state to implement supervision and management, it has important significance to protect the safety and efficiency of market transaction. At present there is no unified China the registration of the company law, the company existing registration laws and regulations in the company law, issued a notice of administrative regulations and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce Department, the administrative legal norms.
The company registration system is one of the company's legal system can reflect the national public power intervention on the subject on civil law. Our company registration organ for the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and local administrative authority, administrative organs. In essence, the company registration is a behavior of public law, has the nature of administrative confirmation the characteristics of company registration. It must be covered with a layer of strong state intervention, and the regulation is inevitable. Self government regulation is an important goal of the company balance limit, the company autonomy and legal regulation coordination, the government behavior can effectively serve the market. The legal regulation is an important means of regulation.
Our company registration for the doctrine of registration, which is not registered in the company has not been established, specific registration took legal qualification and business ability to be made one "unified" legislative model. In fact, "corporate business license > is the characterization of the company obtained business ability, justice personality should be approved by the registration authority for the registration and business license issued by the company, and the distinction between legal person and business ability, not only won the company law theory for solving the problem of tact, practice" revoke the business license of the enterprise legal person qualification > Company existence predicament to find a new path.
This paper tries to study company registration system theory, value orientation of company registration, company registration of the nature and effectiveness, analysis of the current situation of corporate registration in China, combined with the reasons and development trend analysis and to provide suggestions to improve the shortcomings of existing registration system. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part the system mainly introduces the basic theories related with our company registration, company registration includes the meaning, value orientation, clear our company registration nature. The second part of the combination of regulation theory, researching the status quo of the company registration. There is the market failure in the market, as the market for security and national consideration of economic supervision, company registration reflects the government intervention in the economic life of the country, such intervention is necessary. This paragraph from the registration body, registration, registration according to the business scope. Wai and registration of several aspects of the analysis, the rationality of our country governed by the administrative organ of company registration, company registration study focuses on the effect of thinking of legal effect on the business license, the business scope is as necessary registration question of our company registration requirements are reflected. The third part is to improve the registration system of our country's exploration. There is also the failure of regulation, the basic meaning of the pursuit of profit maximization is the development of the market, so the state compulsory must be moderate, the company should obtain control under freedom. Public power intervention should be based on the principle of autonomy of the company, with the necessary limit, only when the company the abuse of rights has autonomous harm public interests and national economic security. The cipher is suitable the legal system of our country in recent years, although the reform, but still need to improve, especially in registration In terms of effectiveness and registration, it is expected to further realize the value orientation of the company's registration efficiency and security.

【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.291.91

【引证文献】