我国公司股东代表诉讼制度的不足与完善

发布时间：2018-04-12 19:37

本文选题：股东代表诉讼 + 中小股民利益　；参考：《东方企业文化》2013年02期

【摘要】：股东诉讼代表制度又称派生诉讼、股东代位诉讼,是指当公司的合法权益受到不法侵害而公司却怠于起诉时,公司的股东即以自己的名义起诉,而所获赔偿归于公司的一种诉讼形态。英美法系国家以及大陆法系国家对股东的此项诉讼权利均有规定,均赋予股东提起代表诉讼的权利。我国在2005年《公司法》出台时在152条中明确规定了这项制度,一度被称为中小股民利益的"保护伞"。股东代表诉讼股东代表诉讼的作用有两个:一是损害赔偿作用,二是违法行为抑止作用。从长远的角度看,股东代表诉讼不仅在于使公司的损害能够得到补偿或追偿,更重要的是鞭策和警戒潜在的或可能的责任人,发挥违法行为抑止作用。但是随着公司法的适用,股东代表诉讼制度渐渐显现出弊端,风险高、诉讼费用过高、没有相应的奖励机制等问题使得中小股民即使利益受到损害也很少适用股东代表诉讼这一制度。于是这一制度慢慢成为了无人问津的"摆设",说明中国公司法中关于这一制度的规定存在若干弊端。本文试图通过论述这一制度理论以及适用中的不足之处,讨论我国公司法关于该制度的改进方向,使得股东诉讼代表制度在司法实践中更加实用,从而切实保护中小股民利益。
[Abstract]:The shareholder litigation representative system, also known as derivative action, means that when the legitimate rights and interests of the company are unlawfully infringed and the company lags behind in litigation, the shareholders of the company sue in their own name.The compensation awarded to the company is a form of litigation.Anglo-American law countries and civil law countries have provisions on shareholders' right of action, which endow shareholders with the right to bring representative action.This system was clearly stipulated in Article 152 when the Company Law was promulgated in 2005, which was once called the "umbrella" for the interests of small and medium shareholders.The action of shareholder's representative litigation has two functions: one is compensation for damages, the other is the suppression of illegal acts.In the long run, the shareholder's representative lawsuit is not only to make the company's damage be compensated or recovered, but also to urge and warn the potential or possible responsible person to play a role in restraining the illegal behavior.However, with the application of the Company Law, the shareholder representative litigation system gradually shows its drawbacks, high risk and excessive litigation costs.In the absence of corresponding incentive mechanism, even if the interests of small and medium shareholders are damaged, the system of shareholder representative litigation is seldom applied.Therefore, this system has gradually become a "decoration" that no one cares about, indicating that there are some drawbacks in the regulation of this system in Chinese company law.This paper tries to discuss the improvement direction of this system by discussing the theory of this system and the deficiency in its application, so as to make the representative system of shareholder litigation more practical in the judicial practice, so as to protect the interests of small and medium-sized shareholders.
【作者单位】：海南大学法学院;青岛理工大学;
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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