浅析一人公司的刑事主体地位

发布时间：2018-05-10 07:30

本文选题：一人公司 + 刑事主体地位　；参考：《华东政法大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 2005年修订的《公司法》承认了一人公司的法人地位,允许自然人或者法人单独投资设立有限责任公司。但我国1997年《刑法》修订时一人公司还没有在法律上得到承认,当时对单位犯罪的立法是在否认一人公司的法人地位的背景下出台的。由于缺少直接法律规定和司法解释,一人公司是否具有刑事主体地位备受争议。本文从现有法律条文出发,结合对我国的刑法理论的分析论证了一人公司应当具有刑事主体地位,并且提出刑事主体地位需要具备两层人格,在此基础上对不同类型的一人公司的刑事主体地位作了分析。正文主要分为五个部分,第一部分是对一人公司的概述。先简要谈了一人公司的定义和立法沿革,以及我国《公司法》承认一人公司的意义。然后通过试图寻找我国《刑法》对一人公司的规定,并对现有刑法条文进行分析,得出我国现行刑法并没有排除一人公司的刑事主体地位。本文第二部分主要从刑法理论的分析上,论证一人公司的刑事主体地位。分别从罪刑相适应原则、刑法解释方法和刑法谦抑性理论三方面,论证了一人公司应当具有刑事主体地位,对一人公司犯罪的处罚,应当等同于对传统单位犯罪的处罚。第三部分进一步论证了一人公司的刑事主体地位。从公司法上的人格否认制度与刑法中单位犯罪主体否认制度的比较入手,得出了单位的刑事主体地位需要具备两层人格,即公司法上的人格和刑法上的人格。而一般情况下一人公司具备两层人格,有刑事主体地位。第四部分谈了一人公司刑事主体地位的例外情形。以一人公司刑事主体地位需要具备两层人格为前提,列举了五种一人公司因为欠缺某一层人格而不具有刑事主体地位的情形。最后一部分着重分析新《公司法》实施后成立的形式的一人公司的刑事主体地位。从对一人公司的单位整体意志和单位整体利益分析,论证了此种一人公司具备完整的公司法上的人格和刑法上的人格,从而具有刑事主体地位。
[Abstract]:The Company Law, amended in 2005, recognizes the legal personality of a one-man company and allows natural or legal persons to invest separately in the establishment of a limited liability company. However, when the Criminal Law was amended in 1997, the one-man company had not been recognized in the law. At that time, the legislation on unit crime was issued under the background of denying the legal person status of the one-man company. Due to the lack of direct legal provisions and judicial interpretation, whether the one-person company has the status of criminal subject is controversial. Based on the existing legal provisions and the analysis of the theory of criminal law in our country, this paper demonstrates that one-person company should have the status of criminal subject, and points out that the status of criminal subject needs two levels of personality. On this basis, the article analyzes the criminal subject status of different types of one-man companies. The main body is divided into five parts, the first part is an overview of one-man company. This paper briefly discusses the definition and legislative evolution of one-man company and the significance of recognizing one-man company in Company Law of our country. Then we try to find out the stipulation of one-man company in the Criminal Law of our country, and analyze the existing articles of criminal law, and draw the conclusion that the current criminal law of our country does not exclude the criminal subject status of one-person company. The second part of this article mainly from the criminal law theory analysis, demonstrates the one-person company's criminal subject status. From the three aspects of the principle of adaptation of crime and punishment, the method of criminal law interpretation and the theory of modesty of criminal law, this paper demonstrates that one-person company should have the status of criminal subject, and the punishment of one-person company should be equal to the punishment of traditional unit crime. The third part further demonstrates the criminal subject status of one-man company. From the comparison between the denial of personality system in company law and the denial system of unit crime subject in criminal law, it is concluded that the criminal subject status of a unit needs two levels of personality, that is, personality in company law and personality in criminal law. In general, one-man company has two levels of personality and criminal subject status. The fourth part discusses the exception of the criminal subject status of one-man company. Based on the premise that the criminal subject status of a one-person company needs two levels of personality, this paper lists five cases in which the one-person company does not have the status of criminal subject because of the lack of a certain level of personality. The last part focuses on the criminal subject status of the one-person company established after the implementation of the new Company Law. Based on the analysis of the unit's whole will and the unit's whole interest, the author proves that the one-man company has the complete personality in the company law and the personality in the criminal law, so it has the status of the criminal subject.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.291.91

【引证文献】