商业判断规则在国有企业中的适用研究

发布时间：2019-06-07 13:25

【摘要】： 商业判断规则是美国公司法领域的重要规则。它的主旨是保护善意董事在商业判断失误时,免受责任的追究。在这个过程中商业判断规则拥有了多重属性,它既是董事的“避风港”;又在缺乏对董事注意义务的规制时,充当具体的判断标准;他还同时是法院在处理类似案件的具体操作规则。本文在对商业判断规则进行分析时,同时涉及到了这样三重属性。在绪论部分,以一个案例提出由于注意义务在我国具体标准的缺失,引入商业判断规则又因其对于注意义务的填补性,成为学界和实务界的一致呼声。在这样的背景下,我们自然要将对商业判断规则的关注集中到中国具体的司法实践中去,进而由于目前国有企业存在的经营责任追究困难的现象,提出商业判断规则在国有企业中的适用研究。在本文的第一部分主要介绍了商业判断规则的一般理论,首先在美国关于商业判断规则的理论中,总结出商业判断规则的四个要件:善意、不存在利害关系、合理知悉、为了公司的最大利益。然后,阐明了商业判断规则的理论基础并由此得出商业判断规则的三个特点。最后,介绍了商业判断规则在澳大利亚和日本的实践情况。在本文的第二部分主要对商业判断规则在我国的适用情况进行研究分析。首先,我们进行了商业判断规则在我国的可行性分析,认为以我国目前的制度环境具有引入商业判断规则的条件。其次,我们立足于我国适用商业判断规则的案例进行观察评述。最后,提出商业判断规则在我国的构建模式和具体内容。在本文的第三部分将视角移到商业判断规则在国有企业的适用情况,提出商业判断规则有助于解决国有企业董事经营责任追究的困境。然后,我们就国有企业的特殊性进行阐述,提出商业判断规则在国有企业适用时,应区别于一般的普通公司的地方。在本文的第四部分着重阐述了商业判断规则在当下中国所具有的现实意义。认为它在改善公司治理结构、践行公司社会责任、构筑判例法方法、提倡克制的司法能动主义、鼓励企业精神这五个方面都有巨大的作用。
[Abstract]:The rule of business judgment is an important rule in the field of American company law. Its main purpose is to protect bona fide directors from liability when business judgment is wrong. In this process, the commercial judgment rules have multiple attributes, which are not only the "safe haven" of the directors, but also act as the specific judgment standard in the lack of regulation of the directors' duty of attention. He is also the specific operating rules of the court dealing with similar cases. In this paper, the commercial judgment rules are analyzed, and such triple attributes are involved at the same time. In the introduction part, it is proposed that due to the lack of specific standards of duty of care in our country, the introduction of commercial judgment rules has become the unanimous voice of the academic and practical circles because of its filling of the duty of care. In this context, we naturally focus our attention on the commercial judgment rules in China's specific judicial practice, and then because of the current difficult phenomenon of investigating the operational responsibility of state-owned enterprises. This paper puts forward the research on the application of commercial judgment rules in state-owned enterprises. In the first part of this paper, it mainly introduces the general theory of commercial judgment rules. First of all, in the American theory of commercial judgment rules, it summarizes the four elements of commercial judgment rules: good faith, no interest, reasonable knowledge, It is in the best interests of the company. Then, it expounds the theoretical basis of commercial judgment rules and obtains three characteristics of commercial judgment rules. Finally, the practice of business judgment rules in Australia and Japan is introduced. In the second part of this paper, the application of business judgment rules in China is studied and analyzed. First of all, we analyze the feasibility of commercial judgment rules in our country, and think that the current institutional environment of our country has the condition of introducing commercial judgment rules. Secondly, we are based on the application of business judgment rules in our country to observe and comment on the case. Finally, the construction mode and concrete content of business judgment rules in our country are put forward. In the third part of this paper, the perspective is moved to the application of commercial judgment rules in state-owned enterprises, and the commercial judgment rules are helpful to solve the dilemma of investigating the business responsibility of directors of state-owned enterprises. Then, we elaborate on the particularity of state-owned enterprises, and point out that when the commercial judgment rules are applied in state-owned enterprises, they should be different from those of ordinary companies. The fourth part of this paper focuses on the practical significance of business judgment rules in China. It plays an important role in improving corporate governance structure, practicing corporate social responsibility, constructing case law methods, advocating restrained judicial activism and encouraging entrepreneurship.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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