试论WTO争端解决程序中适用盖然性优势证明标准的合理性

发布时间：2018-01-02 04:11

  本文关键词：试论WTO争端解决程序中适用盖然性优势证明标准的合理性　出处：《比较法研究》2014年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

  更多相关文章： 初步证据案件 盖然性优势 举证责任 上诉机构

【摘要】：由于WTO协定中对证明标准没有作出明确具体的规定,专家组和上诉机构在审理实践中主要采用初步证据案件证明标准,以确定举证责任的转移。同时,又采用盖然性优势证明标准来评估当事方提交的证据,作出终结性的裁决。显然,采用初步证据证明标准不符合WTO争端解决的程序,既没有实际意义,又使专家组和上诉机构在审理实践中前后不统一,引起了不小的混乱。尤其是对不了解英美法的广大发展中国家来说,不公平地加重了他们在WTO争端中的举证难度。国际法庭和各国司法审判中普遍适用的盖然性优势证明标准,既适合WTO争端解决的程序,又有利于减轻发展中国家的证明标准和难度,增强他们胜诉的可能性。因此,WTO案件审理中尽快摒弃初步证据证明标准,直接采用盖然性优势证明标准已经成为必然的选择。
[Abstract]:Because the standard of proof is not specified in the WTO Agreement, the panel of experts and the appellate body mainly adopt the standard of proof of prima facie case in the trial practice in order to determine the transfer of the burden of proof. At the same time. It is obvious that the prima facie evidence standard is not in conformity with the WTO dispute settlement procedure, and there is no practical significance to use the prima facie evidence proof standard to evaluate the evidence submitted by the parties and make a final ruling. It also makes the panel and the appellate body inconsistent in trial practice, causing considerable confusion, especially for the vast number of developing countries that do not understand Anglo-American law. Unfair increase in their WTO disputes in the difficulty of proof. International tribunals and judicial trials in various countries generally applicable proof standards of certainty, both suitable for the WTO dispute settlement procedures. It is also conducive to reducing the standard and difficulty of proof in developing countries and enhancing the possibility of their success. Therefore, the standard of proof of preliminary evidence should be abandoned as soon as possible in the trial of WTO cases. It has become an inevitable choice to adopt the proof standard of probability advantage directly.
【作者单位】： 山东大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“WTO法理框架中生态文明理念构建与中国对策研究”(项目编号:13BFX151) 教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目“中国决胜WTO官司理论与诉讼技巧研究”(项目编号:12YJA 820030)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D996.1
【正文快照】： 一、WTO争端解决程序中适用的现行证明标准存在诸多缺陷(一)WTO争端解决程序中适用证明标准概述由于WTO《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》(以下简称为DSU)中没有对举证责任作出明确、具体的规定,专家组和上诉机构在争端解决实践中,主要借鉴英美法的相关理论和实践,发展了初步，

本文编号：1367605