惩治海盗的国际法律制度的重构

发布时间：2018-02-03 20:57

本文关键词： 海盗罪《联合国海洋法公约》普遍管辖权　出处：《吉林大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近些年来,海盗犯罪日益猖獗,严重危害海上商业航线安全和国际航运事业的发展,冲击国际经济秩序和海运安全秩序,日益成为全世界普遍关注的热点问题。国际社会为应对这一现象纷纷采取惩治措施或提出制止这一行为的改革方案,但值得注意的是,至今为止国际社会所形成的惩治海盗犯罪的国际法律制度在具体实施过程中引起了广泛的争议,《联合国海洋法公约》中海盗罪定义及其构成要件、海盗罪普遍管辖权机制、实施和监督机制以及现有惩治海盗国际合作机制的局限使得现有惩治海盗犯罪的国际法律制度难以适应现实需要。然而,导致这些局限的原因,一方面可归因于当今海盗犯罪的组织化、专业化、武装化的特点,更多的还是由于国际社会至今还没有形成一套完善的应对海盗问题的国际法律制度,从而不能从根本上惩治海盗威胁势力并真正地维护好国际海洋运输安全。本文从分析现有国际法律制度内关于海盗罪定义、构成要件、海盗犯罪的普遍管辖权机制、实施和监督机制以及现有惩治海盗国际合作机制的局限出发,以现代海盗犯罪的特点以及对秩序的需求角度入手,着重论述了重构惩治海盗犯罪国际法律制度的必要性,并分别从修改《联合国海洋法公约》海盗罪的相关规定、设置实施和监督机制、完善惩治海盗国际合作机制的角度,论述了重构惩治海盗国际法律制度的具体建议,试图为惩治海盗犯罪提出一个全新的解决方案,以期能够在不远的将来对惩治海盗犯罪、维护国际秩序起到一定的作用。全文分为四个部分。第一章分别从现有国际法律制度关于海盗罪定义、海盗罪普遍管辖权机制、实施和监督机制以及现有惩治海盗国际合作机制的局限入手,集中论述现有惩治海盗犯罪国际法律制度的局限。首先,指出了《联合国海洋法公约》相关规定的局限。分别以海盗罪定义的局限以及海盗犯罪的普遍管辖权机制的局限入手,指出了公约中相关规定难以适应惩治海盗的现实需要。其次,本部分集中分析了现有惩治海盗犯罪国际法律制度缺乏实施和监督机制的不足以及现有惩治海盗国际合作机制在惩治海盗犯罪过程中所暴露出的弊端。第二章结合现代海盗犯罪的特点,集中论述重构惩治海盗犯罪国际法律制度的必要性。从对秩序的需求层面分析了重构惩治海盗犯罪国际法律制度对于有效应对海盗犯罪的重要性。第三章重点论述了重构惩治海盗犯罪国际法律制度的具体建议,以期待有效地解决现有惩治海盗国际法律制度的局限。主要提倡修改《联合国海洋法公约》中的相关规定、设置实施和监督机制,以及倡导通过利益相关国或者大国参与的地区性国际合作方式共同惩治海盗犯罪行为。第四章通过对全文主要观点的回顾,强调了通过重构惩治海盗犯罪国际法律制度以维护海上商业航线安全和国际航运事业的重要性。
[Abstract]:In recent years , the crime of piracy is becoming more and more rampant in recent years , which seriously endangers the safety of maritime commercial airlines and the development of international shipping industry . It is increasingly becoming a hot issue of universal concern in the world . The international community has not formed a perfect international legal system to deal with piracy . The full text is divided into four parts . Chapter one begins with the limitations of the existing international legal system about the definition of piracy , the mechanism of the universal jurisdiction of piracy , the implementation and supervision mechanism and the limitation of the existing international cooperation mechanism of punishing pirates . First , it points out the limitations of the existing international legal system of punishing the pirates . First , it points out that the relevant provisions in the convention are difficult to adapt to the practical needs of punishing pirates . Secondly , this part focuses on the deficiency of the implementation and supervision mechanism of the existing international legal system for the punishment of piracy and the shortcomings of the existing international cooperation mechanism to punish piracy . In the second chapter , combining the characteristics of modern pirate crime , the necessity of reconstructing the international legal system for the punishment of pirate crime is discussed , and the importance of reconstructing the international legal system for punishing the pirates from the demand side of order is analyzed . The third chapter focuses on the concrete proposals for the reconstruction of the international legal system for the punishment of piracy , and looks forward to the effective settlement of the limitations of the existing international legal system for the punishment of pirates . It is mainly advocated to modify the relevant provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea , to set up the implementation and supervision mechanism , and to advocate the cooperation of regional international cooperation with the participation of interested States or major Powers to punish piracy . Chapter IV reviews the main viewpoints of the whole text , and emphasizes the importance of the reconstruction of the international legal system for the punishment of piracy crimes in order to safeguard the safety of maritime commercial airlines and the cause of international shipping .

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D997.9

【引证文献】