国际集装箱运输中集装箱缺陷引致货损的法律责任承担

发布时间：2018-02-12 12:55

本文关键词： 集装箱缺陷集装箱性质适航义务责任分配　出处：《大连海事大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪60年代的海运集装箱化是运输业的一场革命,不仅使传统的件杂货班轮运输逐步让位于集装箱运输,而且使“港到港”的运输很快延伸为“门到门”的服务,使得国际运输能够更好的适应不断增加的国际贸易量的需求。在国际集装箱运输中,集装箱的大量使用不仅有利于节省货物的包装费和仓储费,提高货物在港口的装卸效率,加快船舶和陆运车辆的的周转速度,而且集装箱的使用也大大减少了货损货差,促进了国际多式联运的发展。然而,随着集装箱在海上货物运输中的大规模运用,由于它本身的特点即运量大、数额多、损失隐蔽等,使得国际集装箱运输中的货损事故也逐年呈上升趋势,尤其是集装箱本身的缺陷导致的货损问题(包括集装箱自身的缺陷以及集装箱不适合所装运的货物两种情况),并且由于集装箱本身的缺陷导致货损情况下的责任承担问题在法律上一直也没有明确的认定规则。而我国海商法和相关其他法律法规以及国际公约大多数都是针对传统的件杂货运输所设置的权利义务体系,对国际集装箱运输规定大多数也是针对多式联运下承运人的责任制度等问题进行研究,而专门针对集装箱本身缺陷导致货损的规定并不健全,而在实践中,此种问题却越来越多的为法律界和实务界的人士所关注。本文正是基于此来论述国际集装箱运输中集装箱缺陷引致货损的责任承担问题。文章分为五个章节来进行论述,第一章简要介绍了理论界对集装箱的定义,以及集装箱的性质的主要观点并对其进行了简要的评述；第二章主要论述了集装箱的不同提供者以及其法律关系的认定,并阐明了集装箱性质认定的意义；第三章主要论述了承运人提供集装箱情况下承托双方的责任分配问题；第四章主要论述了托运人提供集装箱情况下的承托双方的责任分配；第五章主要论述了为避免集装箱缺陷引致货损各方应采取的措施以及相应的立法建议。笔者认为上述问题的梳理和解决,有利于集装箱运输的顺利进行和集装箱缺陷导致货损事故的处理,并且希望能够对国际海上集装箱运输的理论和实践的研究有所裨益。
[Abstract]:In 1960s, the containerization of seaborne was a revolution in the transportation industry, which not only made the traditional cargo liner transportation give way to the container transportation, but also made the port-to-port transportation quickly extend to the door-to-door service. In international container transportation, the large use of containers not only helps to save the packing and storage costs of goods, but also to improve the efficiency of loading and unloading of goods in ports. Speed up the turnover of ships and ground vehicles, and the use of containers has greatly reduced cargo damage, and promoted the development of international multimodal transport. However, with the large-scale use of containers in the sea cargo transportation, due to its own characteristics, such as large volume, large amount of transportation, hidden losses and so on, the number of damage accidents in international container transportation is on the rise year by year. In particular, the damage caused by the defects of the container itself (including the defects of the container itself and the fact that the container is not suitable for the goods shipped) and the liability in the case of damage due to the defects of the container itself. However, most of the maritime laws and other relevant laws and regulations of our country and international conventions are aimed at the traditional system of rights and obligations for the transportation of groceries. Most of the regulations on international container transport are also concerned with the liability system of the carrier under multimodal transport. However, the provisions which specifically aim at the damage caused by the defects of the container itself are not perfect, but in practice, This kind of problem is paid more and more attention by the legal profession and the practical profession. This paper is based on this to discuss the liability for damage caused by the container defect in the international container transportation. This paper is divided into five chapters to discuss. The first chapter briefly introduces the definition of container and the main viewpoints of the nature of container and makes a brief comment on it. The second chapter mainly discusses the different providers of containers and their legal relations, and clarifies the significance of the nature of the container, the third chapter mainly discusses the distribution of the responsibility of both parties in the case of container provided by the carrier. Chapter 4th mainly discusses the distribution of liability between the two parties in the case of shippers supplying containers, and Chapter 5th mainly discusses the measures that should be taken by the parties to avoid the damage caused by container defects and the corresponding legislative suggestions. The author thinks that combing and solving the above problems is beneficial to the smooth progress of container transportation and the handling of damage accidents caused by container defects, and hopes to be helpful to the study of the theory and practice of international maritime container transportation.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996.19

【引证文献】