《反假冒贸易协定》（ACTA）知识产权执法规则研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 10:38

本文选题：知识产权　切入点：诸边协议　出处：《中国计量学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：知识产权具有复杂的经济属性，，如何在刺激创新和既有知识普及两者之间实现动态平衡，选择最佳的知识产权政策至关重要。国际贸易的迅猛发展对知识产权强烈的地域性产生了巨大的冲击，全球范围内整体性的知识产权政策越来越普及。全球知识产权所有权及其商业开发仍然控制在发达国家和一定数量的新兴经济体手中。然而，知识产权保护不力，尤其是假冒和盗版现象的日益猖獗，造成了以知识产权为立国兴邦基础的创新型国家付出惨重的代价：削弱创新，破坏就业，损害消费者利益，进而导致经济增长滞后。如果说国际知识保护制度在立法方面已经取得了举世瞩目的成就，那么在知识产权执法尤其是国际知识产权协调执法方面无疑有很大的完善空间。《反假冒贸易协定》（ACTA）正是以欧盟、日本和美国为代表的的知识产权强国基于知识产权保护不足的现状，在知识产权多边执行机制的动机下，寻求建立其他国家，尤其是知识产权保护不力国家，能够鼓励并坚持的最佳国际实践标准。ACTA是典型意义上的诸边协议，代表的是国际知识产权保护同国际贸易结合的复边体制，内容主要涵盖民事执法、刑事执法、边境措施和数字环境下的知识产权执法等领域，而数字执法更是在《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》（TRIPS）基础之上新增加的内容。ACTA在民事执法、刑事执法和边境措施等传统领域都有超越性尝试，在TRIPS-plus的道路上又迈出了坚实的一步。且不论ACTA在提升知识产权执法标准方面是否符合各国知识产权保护水平，ACTA对公民基本权利，诸如言论信息自由、个人隐私和数据受保护权、公平审判权和公共健康权，都提出了严峻的挑战，而这些正是作者特别关注也是本文将要着重解读并予以回答的核心领域所在。
[Abstract]:Intellectual property rights have complex economic attributes, and how to strike a dynamic balance between stimulating innovation and spreading existing knowledge, The choice of the best intellectual property policy is crucial. The rapid development of international trade has had a tremendous impact on the strong regional nature of intellectual property rights. Global ownership of intellectual property and its commercial development remain in the hands of developed countries and a certain number of emerging economies. However, intellectual property protection is weak. In particular, the increasingly rampant phenomenon of counterfeiting and piracy has resulted in innovative countries based on intellectual property rights as the basis for national prosperity, paying a heavy price: weakening innovation, destroying employment and harming the interests of consumers. In turn, economic growth lags behind. If the international knowledge protection system has made remarkable achievements in legislation, Well, there is no doubt that there is great room for improvement in the enforcement of intellectual property rights, especially in the area of international coordination and enforcement of intellectual property rights. The Anti-counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTAA) is precisely the EU. The intellectual property powers represented by Japan and the United States seek to establish other countries, especially those with weak intellectual property protection, under the motivation of the multilateral IPR enforcement mechanism, based on the current situation of inadequate intellectual property protection. The best international practice standard. ACTA, which can be encouraged and upheld, is a plurilateral agreement in the typical sense, representing a plurilateral system in which the protection of international intellectual property rights is integrated with international trade. The content mainly covers civil law enforcement and criminal law enforcement. In areas such as border measures and intellectual property law enforcement in the digital environment, and digital law enforcement is a new addition to the trips Agreement on Trade-Related aspects of intellectual property Rights. ACTA is in civil law enforcement. There have been transcendent attempts in traditional areas such as criminal law enforcement and border measures. This is a solid step on the path of the TRIPS-plus. Regardless of whether ACTA complies with the level of intellectual property protection in various countries in terms of raising standards for IPR enforcement, ACTA has fundamental rights to citizens, such as freedom of speech and information, personal privacy and the right to data protection. Both the right to a fair trial and the right to public health pose serious challenges, and these are the key areas in which the author will pay special attention and answer.
【学位授予单位】：中国计量学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D997.1

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