《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》中根本违约制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 10:00

本文选题：CISG　切入点：公约　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：根本违约制度起源于英国法,但在《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》(简称CISG或公约)中予以正式确立。公约中有关根本违约的规定是两大法系互相妥协,调和的产物,其吸收了各大法系有关根本违约制度的思想并加以融合完善。根本违约制度在世界各国法律法规中都有所体现,这充分体现了该制度的重大价值和存在合理性。而作为国际交易中普遍使用的贸易规则,公约有着重要的理论和实践价值。根本违约制度作为公约中的核心制度之一,我国以及世界其他国家都对此有所借鉴吸收。因此,研究根本违约制度对促进我国对外贸易发展,完善对外贸易法律规章制度有着重要的意义。然而,我国《合同法》对于根本违约制度的规定十分模糊。只是涉及到相关根本违约的内容,但缺乏完整的,有逻辑性的根本违约制度体系,更不用说缺乏基本的根本违约制度的定义。这不仅在实践中带来误导和歧义,而且不利于我国国际贸易规则与国际接轨。笔者对公约中的根本违约制度进行了多层次的分析。本文从根本违约制度的起源发展为开端,论述了各国对该制度的相关规定以及其如何成为公约核心制度之一的过程。在本文中,笔者参考了大量国外学者关于根本违约制度的相关研究以及各国法庭对此的判例,透彻分析了公约中根本违约制度的理论基础,适用以及存在的相关问题,并探讨我国《合同法》中根本违约的制度化问题。本文从以下几个层次论述根本违约制度:其一为根本违约制度的起源以及在各大法系中的体现。在这个部分,笔者查阅了各国法律制度中有关根本违约的相关规定,构建了一个有关根本违约制度起源,发展,表现形式的整体,为下文的研究奠定了基础。其二,为公约中根本违约制度的研究。在该部分中,笔者就"损害"要件和"可预见性"两个根本违约制度的核心要件进行分析,并结合大量的案例研究。其目的在于探讨本制度如何在实践中予以应用,这对于理解该制度有着重要的意义。其三,为根本违约的法律后果。在部分中,笔者探讨了发生公约项下的根本违约行为时可选择的救济措施。其四为将公约中根本违约制度引入我国《合同法》的设想,笔者探讨了我国对该制度立法及研究方面的不足,分析了引入该制度的可行性并提出相关完善的建议。研究根本违约制度无论对于弥补我国相关立法方面的空白还是促进我国对外贸易发展都具有着重要的意义。因此,本文对于理论还是实践中制度应用都具有一定参考价值。
[Abstract]:The system of fundamental breach of contract originated from English law, but it was formally established in the United Nations Convention on contracts for the International Sale of goods (CISG or Convention). It absorbs the ideas of fundamental breach of contract system of various legal systems and integrates them into perfection. The fundamental breach system is embodied in the laws and regulations of all countries in the world. This fully reflects the great value and rationality of the system. As a trade rule commonly used in international transactions, the Convention has important theoretical and practical value. The fundamental breach regime is one of the core systems of the Convention, Therefore, it is of great significance to study the system of fundamental breach of contract to promote the development of foreign trade in China and to perfect the laws and regulations of foreign trade. The regulation of fundamental breach of contract in our country is very vague. It only involves the content of relevant fundamental breach of contract, but it lacks a complete and logical system of fundamental breach of contract. Not to mention the lack of a basic definition of the fundamental breach regime. This is not only misleading and ambiguous in practice, Moreover, it is unfavorable for our international trade rules to be in line with international practice. The author analyzes the system of fundamental breach of contract at various levels. This paper begins with the origin and development of the system of fundamental breach of contract. This paper discusses the relevant provisions of this system and how it becomes one of the core systems of the Convention. In this paper, the author refers to a large number of foreign scholars' research on the fundamental breach of contract system, as well as the jurisprudence of the courts in various countries. Having thoroughly analysed the theoretical basis, application and related problems of the fundamental breach regime in the Convention, This paper discusses the system of fundamental breach of contract from the following levels: first, the origin of the system of fundamental breach of contract and its embodiment in various legal systems. The author consulted the relevant provisions in the legal systems of various countries about fundamental breach of contract, and constructed a whole about the origin, development and manifestation of the system of fundamental breach of contract, which laid the foundation for the following research. In this part, the author analyzes the core elements of "damage" and "predictability". And combined with a large number of case studies. Its purpose is to explore how this system is applied in practice, which is of great significance for understanding the system. Third, it is the legal consequence of fundamental breach of contract. The author discusses the relief measures that can be chosen in the event of fundamental breach of contract under the Convention. Fourthly, the author discusses the deficiency of legislation and research on the fundamental breach of contract in China. This paper analyzes the feasibility of introducing the system and puts forward some relevant suggestions. It is of great significance to study the fundamental breach of contract system in order to make up for the gaps in the relevant legislation of our country and to promote the development of China's foreign trade. This article has certain reference value to the theory or the practice system application.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D996.1

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