中国野生动物进出口管理制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 10:42

本文选题：中国　切入点：野生动物　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国是野生动物国际贸易大国,历史悠久。作为《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》的重要缔约国,在国内建立一套科学高效的野生动物进出口管理体系尤为重要,且进出口管理是野生动物管理的重要组成部分,在保护、可持续利用野生动物资源以及促进经济社会发展发挥着积极作用。本论文选择中国野生动物进出口管理制度作为研究内容,重点对与此相关的法律法规、组织机构、运行机制、行政管理措施等方面进行系统的分析和评估,为有效管理野生动物国际贸易,促进野生动物资源保护和可持续利用,探索中国野生动物进出口管理制度的发展思路和理念,为进一步深入野生动物进出口管理制度的改革建言献策。本论文第一章介绍了中国野生动物进出口管理的法律、法规以及《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》,重点评析了《濒危野生动植物进出口管理条例》,梳理归纳了《公约》的贸易管理方式,总结了《公约》对国内野生动物进出口管理的启示。第二章介绍了中国野生动物进出口管理相关机构及其职能,并从野生动物进出口审批程序、标记和限额管理措施以及相关单位的注册和企业的分级管理等方面阐释了中国野生动物进出口管理运行机制。第三章分析了中国野生动物进出口管理工作的成就、问题及原因,认为中国野生动物进出口管理工作的问题和不足之处主要体现在:缺乏分类管理机制及进出口管理配套措施;进出口管理中行政审批程序繁琐,存在“重审批,轻监管”问题;部分物种的进出口监管缺少法律依据,进出口管理的科学决策亟待加强;口岸监管措施亟待完善。第四章针对中国野生动物进出口管理工作存在的问题提出改革建议,认为中国野生动物进出口管理制度改革应坚持的主要原则,一是在处理野生动物资源保护与利用关系时要坚持有利于野生动物资源全面保护的原则;二是在处理野生动物资源进口与出口关系时要坚持“宽进严出”的原则;三是正确看待中国野生动物进出口管理的审批和监督检查两个环节,坚持审批的服务属性和监督检查的管理属性。具体建议是:完善野生动物进出口管理法规建设;加强机构职能建设,提高规范化、科学化管理水平;充分发挥部门间履约协调机制作用,建立健全配套管理措施。
[Abstract]:China is a country with a long history of international trade in wildlife. As an important signatory to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered species of Wild Fauna and Flora, it is particularly important to establish a scientific and efficient management system for the import and export of wildlife in China. And import and export management is an important part of wildlife management, in the protection, The sustainable utilization of wildlife resources and the promotion of economic and social development play a positive role. In order to effectively manage the international trade of wildlife, promote the protection and sustainable utilization of wildlife resources, and explore the development ideas and concepts of China's wildlife import and export management system, In order to further deepen the reform of wildlife import and export management system, the first chapter of this paper introduces the law of Chinese wildlife import and export management. The regulations and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered species of Wild Fauna and Flora, which focus on evaluating the regulations governing the Import and Export of Endangered Wild Fauna and Flora, and summarizing the trade management methods of the Convention, This paper summarizes the enlightenment of the Convention to the management of domestic wildlife import and export. Chapter two introduces the related agencies and functions of China's wildlife import and export management, and reviews the procedure of examination and approval of wildlife import and export. In the aspects of marking and quota management measures, registration of relevant units and hierarchical management of enterprises, the operational mechanism of China's wildlife import and export management is explained. Chapter three analyzes the achievements, problems and reasons of China's wildlife import and export management. It is believed that the problems and deficiencies in the management of the import and export of wild animals in China are mainly reflected in the following aspects: lack of classified management mechanism and supporting measures for import and export management, cumbersome procedure of administrative examination and approval in import and export management, and the problem of "attaching importance to examination and approval rather than supervision"; The import and export supervision of some species lacks legal basis, the scientific decision of import and export management needs to be strengthened, and the measures of port supervision need to be improved. Chapter 4th puts forward some reform suggestions for the problems existing in the management of the import and export of wild animals in China. It is believed that the reform of the management system of wildlife import and export in China should adhere to the main principles, one is to adhere to the principle conducive to the comprehensive protection of wildlife resources when dealing with the relationship between the protection and utilization of wildlife resources; Second, when dealing with the relationship between the import and export of wildlife resources, we should adhere to the principle of "wide entry and strict export." third, we should correctly look at the examination and approval, supervision and inspection of China's wildlife import and export administration. The specific suggestions are as follows: perfecting the construction of laws and regulations on wildlife import and export, strengthening the construction of institutional functions, improving the level of standardized and scientific management; Give full play to the role of inter-departmental implementation coordination mechanism, and establish and improve supporting management measures.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D996.9

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