国际航空运输法中“事故”的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 15:26

本文选题：华沙公约 + 蒙特利尔公约　；参考：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：在国际航空法中,对于航空承运人责任制度的研究是一个核心的问题,而在承运人责任制度中,“事故”(accident)问题的研究又是一个很重要的问题。由于《华沙公约》第17条规定的模糊性,“事故”的认定与赔偿在世界范围内产生了一系列的问题。本文分四章对国际航空法中“事故”的法律问题进行分析。第一章从通常意义与历史视角对“事故”进行法律上的解读,着重阐明了通常意义下“事故”的法律含义以及国际航空运输法立法过程中“事故”的发展历程,并提出了如何从条约解释的角度来解读“事故”的概念。第二章为航空运输引起的的“事故”认定。这部分主要是对由航空承运人所引起的“事故”的认定。本文着重研习了属于这一部分的两个特殊问题,即航空承运人对乘客实施医疗救助中的“事故”认定问题和承运人对于航空飞行风险未提示时的“事故”认定问题。第三章为乘客侵权下的“事故”认定,着重分析乘客间发生人身侵权时“事故”的认定问题。相对于由航空运输引起的“事故”,乘客间侵权下的“事故”认定是一个特殊化的问题,是以航空运输引起的“事故”认定为基础的,当然其也有自身的特点。第四章为“事故”下的精神损害赔偿问题。这部分将对精神损害赔偿诉讼的案例进行类型化分析,并特别地对创伤后精神失调症(PTSD)的赔偿问题进行了分析。由于中国目前在“事故”领域的实践主要涉及该部分,因此在这一章中将对中国的相关实践进行分析。通过上述分析,最后得出对于国际航空运输法中“事故”问题分析的结论。在写作本文时,我首先要说明的是对于“事故”的分析是对航空承运人责任解析的一部分。因此,分析是否构成“事故”是针对承运人而言的,即“事故”是航空承运人承担《华沙公约》及《蒙特利尔公约》第17条责任的基石。
[Abstract]:In international air law, the study of the liability system of air carriers is a core issue, but in the system of carrier liability, the study of "accident" is a very important issue.Due to the ambiguity of Article 17 of the Warsaw Convention, the identification and compensation of "accident" have caused a series of problems all over the world.This article divides into four chapters to carry on the analysis to the international air law "accident" the legal question.The first chapter explains the legal meaning of "accident" from the perspective of general meaning and history, and expounds the legal meaning of "accident" and the development of "accident" in the legislative process of international air transport law.And put forward how to interpret the concept of accident from the angle of treaty interpretation.The second chapter is the determination of "accident" caused by air transportation.This part is the identification of the accident caused by the air carrier.This paper focuses on two special problems which belong to this part, namely, the identification of "accident" in the course of air carrier's medical rescue to passengers and the problem of "accident" when the carrier does not prompt the risk of aviation flight.The third chapter is the identification of "accident" under passenger tort, focusing on the identification of "accident" when passenger torts occur.Compared with the "accident" caused by air transportation, the identification of "accident" caused by passenger tort is a special problem, which is based on the "accident" caused by air transport, and of course it has its own characteristics.The fourth chapter is the problem of compensation for mental damage under accident.In this part, the case of mental injury compensation is classified and the compensation problem of PTSD is analyzed.As China's current practice in the field of "accidents" mainly involves this part, this chapter will analyze the relevant practices in China.Through the above analysis, the conclusion of the analysis of the "accident" in international air transport law is obtained.In writing this article, I first want to explain that the analysis of "accident" is part of the analysis of the liability of the air carrier.Therefore, the analysis of whether to constitute an "accident" is aimed at the carrier, that is, "accident" is the cornerstone of the carrier's responsibility under the Warsaw Convention and Article 17 of the Montreal Convention.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D993.4

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