《联合国防治荒漠化公约》研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 11:26

本文选题：环境保护 + 土地资源　；参考：《西南政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：1994年在法国巴黎的外交大会上通过了《联合国关于在发生严重干旱和(或)荒漠化的国家特别是在非洲防治荒漠化公约》。1994年10月,112个国家的代表齐聚巴黎,举行了《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的签字仪式。公约成为防治荒漠化领域中第一部具有法律约束力的国际公约,完善了国际环境法律体系。公约条文共40条,由导言、总则、行动方案、科学和技术合作以及支持措施、机构、程序五个部分组成,并且包括了非洲地区、亚洲区域、拉丁美洲和加勒比区域、地中海北部区域、东欧和中欧区域五个执行附件。本文根据公约的结构及重点,着重对公约文本进行分析解读,并揭示其优点与不足,以期引起人们对《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的重视,促进国际防治荒漠化工作在公约的指导与约束下进一步展开。全文由七部分组成。第一部分阐述了公约产生的背景及其意义,在实践与法律两个层面,分述《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的由来,并揭示其对国际防治荒漠化工作所起的重要作用以及在整个国际环境保护领域所具有的突出意义。第二部分解析了《联合国防治荒漠化公约》关于一般义务、受影响缔约方义务以及发达国家缔约方义务的有关规定,通过与相关公约的比较分析了《联合国防治荒漠化公约》在权利义务规定方面的特点。第三部分对《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的行动方案进行了深入研读,剖析行动方案的特点及所体现的国际环境法原则,并分析了相关各方的执行情况,指出《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的实践价值与实现的关键所在。第四部分详细分析了《联合国防治荒漠化公约》关于科技合作的规定,并追踪各层面在科技开发与合作中的现实状况,突出科技、知识在防治荒漠化工作中的重要地位。第五部分研究了《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的支持措施,特别对其资金来源及机制进行分析,解析《联合国防治荒漠化公约》实现的关键影响因素。第六部分系对前面各部分的总结归纳,对《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的优点与不足进行了整体性评析。第七部分揭示了《联合国防治荒漠化公约》对我国防治荒漠化工作以及相关法律制度建设的影响和对策。《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的出台与在各地的执行对于荒漠化的防治起到了重要的推动作用。防治荒漠化是我们保护环境,保护人类生存空间的重要内容之一,21世纪是经济社会继续发展的世纪,更是生态文明进步的世纪。防治荒漠化的发展,保护我们的生存环境是《联合国防治荒漠化公约》缔约国乃至世界所有国家的共同责任。本文通过梳理研究发现,《联合国防治荒漠化公约》已在国际环境保护法律制度中成为重要的组成部分,但世界对其的系统分析与关注还极其有限,大多处于部分关注或直接援引的状态,希望经本文系统解读能加强各界对《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的关注,并带动更多的环保人士参与荒漠化的防治工作,共建可持续发展的和谐家园。
[Abstract]:In 1994 the French Paris diplomatic conference by the United Nations on < in the event of a serious drought and desertification (or) countries especially in Africa convention to combat desertification >.1994 in October, representatives of 112 countries gathered in Paris, held a "United Nations Convention to combat desertification on the signing of the Convention has become international. Convention on the prevention and control of desertification areas in the first legally binding, improve the environmental legal system of the international convention. A total of 40 provisions, by the introduction, general principles, action plan, scientific and technological cooperation and support measures, procedures, five parts, and includes Africa, Asia, Latin America and the region the Caribbean, the northern Mediterranean region, Eastern and central Europe region five executive attachment.
According to the structure and focus of the Convention, the Convention text analysis and interpretation, and reveal its advantages and disadvantages, hoping to attract more attention to "the United Nations Convention to combat desertification >, promote the international desertification work to further expand in the guidance and restraint under the Convention. This thesis consists of seven parts.
The first part describes the background and significance of the Convention, in two aspects of practice and law, the origin of the "United Nations Convention to combat desertification >, and reveal its important role on the international anti desertification work and highlight the significance in the international environmental protection field.
The second part of the analysis of the "United Nations Convention to combat desertification > about general obligation, affected parties and the relevant provisions of the obligation of developed country Parties obligations, and through the comparative analysis of the relevant Convention" the United Nations Convention to combat desertification in terms of the characteristics of > rights and obligations.
The third part action plan on "the United Nations Convention to combat desertification > in-depth study, analyze the characteristics of the programme of action and the international environmental law principle, and analyzes the implementation of the relevant parties, pointed out that the" key practical value with the United Nations Convention to combat desertification > now.
The fourth part analyzes the provisions of the United Nations Convention against desertification in detail, and tracks the realities of all levels in technological development and cooperation, highlighting the importance of science and technology and knowledge in desertification control.
The fifth part studies the support measures of the United Nations Convention to combat desertification, especially the sources and mechanisms of its funding, and analyzes the key factors affecting the implementation of the United Nations Convention to combat desertification.
The sixth part summarizes the previous parts and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the United Nations Convention for the prevention and control of desertification.
The seventh part reveals the impact and Countermeasures of the United Nations Convention for the prevention and control of desertification on the work of combating desertification and the construction of relevant legal systems in China.
"The United Nations Convention to combat desertification in accordance with the introduction and Implementation for the prevention and control of desertification has played an important role in combating desertification. We protect the environment, one of the important contents of the protection of human survival, twenty-first Century is the century of continued development of economy and society, is the ecological civilization and progress of the century. The development of prevention and control desertification is a common responsibility," the United Nations Convention to combat desertification > States parties and all countries of the world to protect our living environment. By reviewing the study found that "the United Nations Convention to combat desertification > has been in the international environmental protection legal system has become the most important part, but the world of system analysis and attention it is extremely limited, mostly in part or quoted by the state, hope this paper can focus on strengthening the interpretation of" the United Nations Convention to combat desertification >, and lead to more Many environmentalists participate in the prevention and control of desertification and build a harmonious home for sustainable development.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996.9

【引证文献】