普遍管辖权的适用障碍及其解决

发布时间：2018-04-17 02:00

本文选题：普遍管辖权 + 管辖权冲突　；参考：《南昌大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：普遍管辖权是伴随着国际犯罪的日益猖獗而产生并发展起来的一种新型的管辖权,有着天然的优势。普遍管辖权在打击和惩治国际犯罪的实践中发挥了不可替代的作用,但是,国际社会对普遍管辖权的研究并不深入,对于普遍管辖权也未达成统一的认识。有的国家认为普遍管辖权是打击和惩治国际犯罪的有力武器,其有效地填补了传统管辖的不足；有的国家对普遍管辖权采取排斥态度。此外,作为一种新型的管辖权,普遍管辖权的理论依据、制度构架、适用范围等并不完善,而且与现行的传统管辖权、刑事豁免权等制度存在着冲突。这一切都直接导致普遍管辖权在实际适用中困难重重。本文首先通过详细的介绍普遍管辖权的含义、基本特征、历史沿革、兴起原因,以理清普遍管辖权的内涵与外延,消除有关国家对普遍管辖权的误解。其次通过列举普遍管辖权的国际、国内立法现状和司法实践,以总结普遍管辖权运用中的成功经验和失败教训。最后通过分析普遍管辖权实际适用中存在的各种障碍及其产生的原因,如管辖权冲突、刑事豁免权冲突、证据收集、证人出庭作证困难、政治因素影响等,然后对症下药,提出可行性建议,有效的解决普遍管辖权适用中的障碍,使普遍管辖权在打击和惩治国际犯罪上发挥更好的效果。
[Abstract]:Universal jurisdiction is a new type of jurisdiction which is born and developed along with the rampant international crimes. It has natural advantages.Universal jurisdiction has played an irreplaceable role in the practice of combating and punishing international crimes. However, the study of universal jurisdiction in the international community is not thorough, and there is no unified understanding of universal jurisdiction.Some States considered universal jurisdiction to be a powerful weapon in the fight against and punishment of international crimes, which effectively filled the shortcomings of traditional jurisdiction, while others adopted an exclusive attitude towards universal jurisdiction.In addition, as a new type of jurisdiction, the theoretical basis of universal jurisdiction, the framework of the system, the scope of application are not perfect, and there is a conflict with the current traditional jurisdiction, criminal immunity and other systems.All this has directly led to difficulties in the practical application of universal jurisdiction.This paper first introduces the meaning, basic characteristics, historical evolution and rise reasons of universal jurisdiction in order to clarify the connotation and extension of universal jurisdiction and eliminate the misunderstanding about universal jurisdiction.Secondly, by enumerating the international and domestic legislation status and judicial practice of universal jurisdiction, the successful experience and failure lessons in the application of universal jurisdiction are summarized.Finally, by analyzing all kinds of obstacles existing in the practical application of universal jurisdiction and their causes, such as conflict of jurisdiction, conflict of criminal immunity, collection of evidence, difficulty of witnesses appearing in court, influence of political factors, etc.Put forward feasibility suggestions, effectively solve the obstacles in the application of universal jurisdiction, so that universal jurisdiction in the fight against and punishment of international crimes to play a better effect.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D997.9

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