海洋石油勘探油污损害法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 01:26

  本文选题：海洋石油勘探 + 油污损害　； 参考：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：人类社会的发展离不开石油。由于人口的迅猛增长和工业的快速发展,陆上石油勘探开发已经满足不了生活和工业的需要。而海洋石油资源丰富,开发利用海洋石油资源就成为石油开发的重要途径。当代石油勘探新技术不断发展,使得海洋石油开采技术也日益成熟起来,这样能为能源短缺提供良好的解决途径,但也给海洋环境带来污染。产生海洋油污的渠道很多,其中以海洋船舶运输和海洋石油勘探开发最受人类重视。海洋石油勘探开发造成的管线破裂、井喷等事故会给海洋环境带来严重的污染。国际社会特别关注海洋油污问题,并针对此进行了许多努力来减轻油污,改善海洋环境。 本文分为四个部分。 第一部分是海洋石油勘探油污损害的概述。介绍了海洋石油勘探油污损害的概念、产生的原因、分布及其对生物资源、生态系统、经济、人类的影响,并对近来国内外主要的海洋石油勘探油污损害事故及其影响做了简要的说明。 第二部分介绍了海洋石油勘探油污损害国际法律规制的现状。按照地域划分简要说明涉及海洋石油勘探油污损害的全球性公约及区域性公约的法律规制,并对美国、加拿大典型立法加以分析。 第三部分在立足于海洋石油勘探油污损害的现状,根据海洋石油勘探活动产生油污的国际法律文件,通过对相关法律文件的内容分析,说明现有国际法律文件存在的不足并据此提出减轻、消除海洋油污的建议,使得海洋石油勘探的国际法律规制更加完善。 最后一部分引申到中国,说明中国海洋石油勘探油污损害法律规制的现状,指出中国在海洋石油勘探油污损害方面存在法律的问题,然后从立法层面上提出建议。从而保障国际环境安全,使得海洋环境在石油勘探开发活动中仍能得到良好的保护。
[Abstract]:The development of human society can not be separated from oil. With the rapid growth of population and the rapid development of industry, the onshore oil exploration and development can not meet the needs of life and industry. And the offshore oil resources are abundant, the exploitation and utilization of the offshore petroleum resources is an important way to exploit the oil resources. With the development of new oil exploration technology, offshore oil exploration technology is becoming more and more mature, which can provide a good way to solve the energy shortage, but also bring pollution to the marine environment. There are many ways to produce marine oil pollution, among which ocean shipping and offshore oil exploration and development are the most important. Accidents such as pipeline rupture and blowout caused by offshore oil exploration and exploitation will bring serious pollution to the marine environment. The international community pays special attention to the problem of marine oil pollution and makes many efforts to reduce oil pollution and improve the marine environment. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part is an overview of oil pollution damage in offshore oil exploration. This paper introduces the concept, causes, distribution and effects on biological resources, ecosystem, economy and human being of oil pollution damage in offshore oil exploration. The main oil pollution damage accidents at home and abroad in recent years and their effects are briefly explained. The second part introduces the current situation of international legal regulation of oil pollution damage in offshore oil exploration. According to the division of regions, this paper briefly explains the legal regulations of the global conventions and regional conventions concerning the damage caused by oil pollution from offshore oil exploration, and analyzes the typical legislation of the United States and Canada. The third part is based on the current situation of oil pollution damage in offshore oil exploration, according to the international legal documents of oil pollution generated by offshore oil exploration activities, through the content analysis of relevant legal documents, The deficiency of the existing international legal documents is explained and the suggestions of reducing and eliminating the marine oil pollution are put forward, which makes the international legal regulation of offshore oil exploration more perfect. The last part extends to China, explains the current situation of the legal regulation of China's offshore oil pollution damage, points out that there are legal problems in China's oil pollution damage from offshore oil exploration, and then puts forward some suggestions from the legislative level. In order to ensure the international environmental safety, the marine environment can still be well protected in petroleum exploration and development activities.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D993.5;D996.9

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