从中国视角看国际货币基金组织的问题与改革

发布时间：2018-05-09 03:44

本文选题：国际法治 + 货币主权　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：国际货币基金组织在布雷顿森林体系解体以后维护国际金融稳定的作用受到了削弱,造成了国际金融秩序的不稳定。国际货币基金组织作用削弱的原因一方面由于内部机制的不合理;另一方面由于基本职能的缺失。中国自从20世纪80年代恢复在国际货币基金组织的合法席位以后,积极与国际货币基金组织进行合作,为维护国际金融秩序的稳定履行了应有的法律义务。经济全球化背景下,中国应该与国际货币基金组织保持一种什么样的关系以及怎样推动国际货币基金组织的改革,这是本文的主要内容。本文第一章主要论述了国际货币基金组织的基本概况。首先从国际金融法律关系、国际金融法律渊源和国际法治角度论证国际货币基金组织和《国际货币基金协定》在国际金融法中的重要地位。然后分析了国际货币基金组织和《国际货币基金协定》间的关系,即《国际货币基金协定》是国际货币基金组织的法律基础,而国际货币基金组织行使《国际货币基金协定》规定的权利和义务。改革国际货币基金组织与修改《国际货币基金协定》是一个问题的两个方面。最后阐述了国际货币基金组织在金融危机中采取的行动,以及从法律公平价值和法律实施角度分析这些活动存在的问题。第二章主要阐述国际货币基金组织改革的必要性。首先分析了国际货币基金组织改革的原因和法律意义,改革的原因主要是法律制度不健全,改革法律意义主要是维持国际货币秩序的稳定和完善国际经济法体系。其次是分析国际货币基金组织改革的学说和分歧,改革的学说主要有合并说、拆散说和调整说,本文赞成调整说。改革的分歧主要是发达国家和发展中国家的分歧。第三章从国际货币基金组织的内部机制和基本职能两个方面具体分析国际货币基金组织存在的法律问题。内部机制方面存在的问题包括国际货币基金组织与成员国的关系、内部机构和份额与投票权三个方面。基本职能方面存在的问题包括合作职能、监督职能和危机应对职能三个方面。第四章是从中国视角出发提出国际货币基金组织改革的方案。首先从社会主义法治、市场经济体制和国际金融法学角度分析了中国参与国际货币基金组织改革的意义,并提出国际货币基金组织改革应坚持全面性、均衡性、渐进性和实效性的原则。然后从中国视角出发,对国际货币基金组织内部机制和基本职能存在的法律问题提出改革方案。结语部分是对国际货币基金组织与中国的关系进行定位,即两者是在《国际货币基金协定》框架内的互动关系。这是本文的结论,一方面中国要利用国际货币基金组织提供的立法指引、资金援助、技术援助和合作平台;另一方面中国要积极推动国际货币基金组织的改革,提高人民币的国际地位,提高自身的发言权。
[Abstract]:The role of the IMF in maintaining international financial stability after the collapse of the Bretton Woods system has been weakened, resulting in instability of the international financial order. The weakening role of IMF is due to the irrationality of internal mechanism on the one hand, and the lack of basic functions on the other. Since China resumed its legal seat in the International Monetary Fund in the 1980s, China has actively cooperated with the International Monetary Fund and fulfilled its due legal obligations to maintain the stability of the international financial order. Under the background of economic globalization, what kind of relationship should China maintain with the IMF and how to promote the reform of IMF? this is the main content of this paper. The first chapter mainly discusses the basic situation of the International Monetary Fund. Firstly, the important position of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in the international financial law is demonstrated from the angle of the international financial legal relations, the sources of international financial law and the international rule of law. Then it analyzes the relationship between the International Monetary Fund and the International Monetary Fund Agreement, that is, the International Monetary Fund Agreement is the legal basis of the International Monetary Fund. The IMF exercises its rights and obligations under the IMF Agreement. The reform of the IMF and the revision of the IMF Agreement are two aspects of the same problem. Finally, the paper expounds the actions taken by the International Monetary Fund in the financial crisis, and analyzes the problems existing in these activities from the point of view of the fair value of law and the enforcement of the law. The second chapter mainly expounds the necessity of the reform of the International Monetary Fund. First of all, it analyzes the reasons and legal significance of the reform of the International Monetary Fund. The main reason of the reform is the imperfect legal system, and the legal significance of the reform is mainly to maintain the stability of the international monetary order and to perfect the system of international economic law. Secondly, it analyzes the theories and differences of the reform of the International Monetary Fund. The main theories of the reform are the theory of combination, the theory of disassembly and the theory of adjustment, and this article is in favour of the theory of adjustment. The differences in reform are mainly between developed and developing countries. The third chapter analyzes the legal problems of IMF from the internal mechanism and basic functions of IMF. Problems with internal mechanisms include IMF relations with member countries, internal institutions and shares and voting rights. The problems in basic function include cooperation function, supervision function and crisis response function. The fourth chapter is from the perspective of China to put forward the reform of the International Monetary Fund. This paper first analyzes the significance of China's participation in the reform of the International Monetary Fund from the angles of socialist rule of law, market economy system and international financial law, and points out that the reform of the International Monetary Fund should be comprehensive and balanced. The principle of gradualism and effectiveness. Then, from the perspective of China, this paper puts forward a reform plan for the legal problems existing in the internal mechanism and basic functions of the International Monetary Fund. The conclusion part is about the orientation of the relationship between IMF and China, that is, the interaction between the IMF and China within the framework of the IMF Agreement. This is the conclusion of this paper. On the one hand, China should make use of the legislative guidance, financial assistance, technical assistance and cooperation platform provided by the International Monetary Fund; on the other hand, China should actively promote the reform of the International Monetary Fund. Enhance the international status of the renminbi and enhance its own voice.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996.2

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