论沿海国海上执法中武力使用的合法性——以“鲁烟远渔010号”事件为切入点

发布时间：2018-05-13 18:52

本文选题：海上执法 + 使用武力　；参考：《河北法学》2016年09期

【摘要】：使用武力属于海上执法中的非常态行为方式。"鲁烟远渔010号"是近年来又一例中国渔船在他国海上执法中遭遇武力攻击的事件,由于国际法并不禁止在海上执法中使用武力,故沿海国使用武力实施海上执法存在法理基础。国际法中对使用武力执法存在诸多限制,并存在与之相关的国际判例,以武力方式实施海上执法,需要严格遵守国际法中的程序性及实体性规范。分析沿海国海上执法中武力使用是否合法,核心在于使用武力行为是否遵循了国际法中相关限制性要件。在"鲁烟远渔010号"案中,阿根廷以非法捕鱼为由,在海上执法中对其使用武力欠缺合法性基础,不属于使用武力自卫与排除妨碍,在武力使用程序规则方面存在瑕疵,在使用武力程度方面不符合国际法限制性规范,属于海上执法中过度使用武力。
[Abstract]:The use of force is a form of unusual conduct in maritime law enforcement. " Lu Yan Yuan Yu 010 "is another case of Chinese fishing vessel being attacked by force in other countries' maritime law enforcement in recent years. Because the international law does not prohibit the use of force in maritime law enforcement, there is a legal basis for coastal States to use force to carry out maritime law enforcement. There are many restrictions on the use of force to enforce the law in international law, and there are related international jurisprudence. To enforce maritime law by force, it is necessary to strictly abide by the procedural and substantive norms in international law. To analyze whether the use of force is lawful in the maritime law enforcement of coastal states, the core lies in whether the use of force complies with the relevant restrictive elements in international law. In the case of "Lu Yan Yuan Yu No. 010", Argentina, on the grounds of illegal fishing, did not have a legal basis for the use of force against it in maritime law enforcement, did not belong to the use of force in self-defence and removal of obstruction, and had a flaw in the rules of procedure for the use of force. The degree of use of force does not conform to the restrictive norms of international law and belongs to excessive use of force in maritime law enforcement.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目《南海搜救合作的国际法问题研究》(15CFX073) 教育部哲学社会科学重大攻关项目《中国与邻国海洋权益争端问题的国际法理研究》(12JZD048) 中国博士后科学基金项目(2016M590174)阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D993.5

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