论沿海国对其专属经济区内石油开采设施环境污染的管辖权

发布时间：2018-05-17 04:19

本文选题：海洋环境污染 + 石油开采设施　；参考：《政治与法律》2014年08期

【摘要】：《联合国海洋法公约》等国际公约虽然对专属经济区内船舶污染的管辖权有规定,但对石油开采设施造成的污染则规定不明。石油开采设施具有特殊的性质,不能套用船舶污染管辖权的规定。石油开采设施污染的管辖权宜采取"以沿海国为中心"的规则设计。固定式钻井平台和开采(固定)状态下的移动式钻井平台及钻探船符合"设施"定义,应由沿海国享有专属管辖权;航行状态下的移动式钻井平台及钻探船应由登记国(船旗国)与沿海国并行管辖。这样,能恰当平衡登记国航行自由与沿海国环境保护利益;将管辖权有效分配给最有监管动力的沿海国,亦能有效保证污染防治的效果,符合管辖权的联系和效率原理。
[Abstract]:Although the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and other international conventions have provisions on the jurisdiction of pollution by ships in the exclusive economic zone, the regulations on pollution caused by oil extraction facilities are unclear. Petroleum exploitation facilities are of special nature and cannot be applied to the regulation of ship pollution jurisdiction. The jurisdiction over pollution of oil exploitation facilities should be designed according to the rules of "coastal state as the center". Fixed drilling platforms and mobile drilling platforms and vessels in mining (fixed) conditions meet the definition of "facility" and shall be under the exclusive jurisdiction of the coastal State; Mobile drilling platforms and rigs under navigational conditions shall be administered by both the State of Registration (flag State) and the coastal State. In this way, the balance between the freedom of the Air China Bank and the environmental protection interests of the coastal state can be properly balanced, and the jurisdiction can be effectively allocated to the coastal States with the most regulatory power, and the effect of pollution prevention and control can also be effectively guaranteed, which conforms to the principle of the connection and efficiency of the jurisdiction.
【作者单位】：华南师范大学法学院;
【基金】：2011年教育部青年项目“南海油气资源合作与开发的制度及实践”(项目编号:11YJC820145) 华南师范大学青年培育基金项目“近岸石油开采活动中海洋环境污染的国际法律规制”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D993.5

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