论《海洋法公约》附件七仲裁庭对不参与方应尽的义务

发布时间：2018-05-20 13:08

本文选题：《海洋法公约》 + 附件七仲裁庭　；参考：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,诉诸《海洋法公约》附件七仲裁的案件不断增加的现象引起了国际社会对《海洋法公约》强制争端解决机制的广泛关注。基于附件七仲裁机制的缺陷,以及主权国家对争端解决的政治方法的偏好等原因,特别是当附件七仲裁程序的被申请方认为仲裁庭对案件不享有管辖权时,很可能采取不参与程序的策略来对抗仲裁庭和仲裁提起方。此种情形之下,不参与仲裁程序的被申请方仍然是案件的一方当事人,仲裁庭仍有义务保证不参与方免受任何不公正的仲裁。附件七仲裁庭对不参与方应尽的义务贯穿于整个仲裁程序,《海洋法公约》及其附件七条款对附件七仲裁庭应履行的义务作出了一系列规定。本文首先对公约的相关规定进行了系统梳理,并在此基础上从五个方面分别论述了附件七仲裁庭对不参与方应履行的各方面义务。第一,制定合理的仲裁程序规则。仲裁庭在制定的程序规则中不能只片面强调仲裁庭的管辖权,而应保证程序规则的平等性和公平性,并完善针对被申请方不参与程序应采取的程序性措施。第二,查明确有管辖权和可受理性。仲裁庭应严格审查仲裁提起方的诉求是否具有可受理性、是否符合适用《海洋法公约》导致有拘束力裁判强制程序的限制和例外,并查明争端双方是否履行了提交附件七仲裁的各项前置性义务。第三,严格审查有关的事实和证据。为了保证其裁决有充分的事实和证据支撑,仲裁庭应主动收集相关证据,严格审查证据的可采性,在此基础上准确认定案件事实并谨慎行使自身的自由裁量权。第四,采取各种措施主动加强与不参与方的互动交流,以便利仲裁庭仲裁工作的顺利进行。第五,克服庭外因素的负面影响,保证仲裁庭及其仲裁员的独立性和公正性不受庭外因素的非法干扰。附件七仲裁庭是否切实履行对不参与方应尽的各项义务,直接关系着不参与方的合法权利和利益能否得到最大限度的保障,并关系着仲裁庭权威的树立。附件七仲裁庭违背其应尽的义务必然带来一系列相应的法律后果,其中最重要的法律后果就是对不参与方合法权利带来的损害以及不参与方合法权利的救济。总而言之,希望通过系统梳理附件七仲裁庭对不参与方应履行的各方面义务,可以对研究《海洋法公约》附件七仲裁程序,以及对我国相关的国际法实践提供某些借鉴和启示。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the increasing number of arbitration cases in Annex VII to UNCLOS has aroused widespread concern of the international community on the compulsory dispute settlement mechanism of UNCLOS. Based on the shortcomings of the arbitration mechanism in Annex VII and the preference of sovereign States for the political methods of dispute settlement, in particular when the respondent to the Annex VII arbitration proceedings considers that the arbitral tribunal does not have jurisdiction over the case, A strategy of not taking part in the proceedings is likely to be adopted against the arbitral tribunal and the arbitration claimant. In such a case, the respondent who does not participate in the arbitration proceedings remains a party to the case and the arbitral tribunal remains under an obligation to ensure that the non-participant is immune from any unfair arbitration. Annex VII Arbitration Tribunal obligations to non-participants throughout the arbitration proceedings, the Convention on the Law of the Sea and its annex VII provisions on annex VII to the obligations of the arbitral tribunal to perform a series of provisions. In this paper, the relevant provisions of the Convention are systematically combed, and on the basis of this, the obligations of Annex VII arbitral tribunal to non-participants are discussed respectively from five aspects. First, make reasonable rules of arbitration procedure. In the procedure rules, the arbitral tribunal should not only emphasize the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal, but also guarantee the equality and fairness of the procedural rules, and perfect the procedural measures that should be taken against the applicant not to participate in the procedure. Second, it is clear that there is jurisdiction and admissibility. The arbitral tribunal shall strictly examine the admissibility of the claim of the claimant of the arbitration and whether it complies with the limitations and exceptions that the application of UNCLOS has led to binding compulsory adjudication proceedings, To ascertain whether the parties to the dispute have fulfilled their prior obligations submitted to Annex VII arbitration. Third, strictly examine the relevant facts and evidence. In order to ensure that its decision is supported by sufficient facts and evidence, the arbitral tribunal should take the initiative to collect relevant evidence, strictly examine the admissibility of evidence, and on this basis accurately identify the facts of the case and exercise its discretion prudently. Fourth, various measures should be taken to strengthen the interaction with non-participants to facilitate the arbitration work of the arbitral tribunal. Fifth, to overcome the negative effects of out-of-court factors and to ensure that the independence and impartiality of the arbitral tribunal and its arbitrators are not unlawfully interfered with by out-of-court factors. Annex VII whether the arbitral tribunal actually performs its obligations to the non-participants directly relates to the maximum protection of the lawful rights and interests of the non-participants and to the establishment of the authority of the arbitral tribunal. Annex VII the violation of its obligations by the arbitral tribunal will inevitably lead to a series of corresponding legal consequences, the most important of which is the damage to the lawful rights of the non-participants and the relief of the legal rights of the non-participants. In a word, it is hoped that by systematically combing the various obligations of the Annex VII arbitral tribunal to the non-participating parties, it can provide some reference and inspiration for the study of Annex VII arbitration procedure of UNCLOS, as well as for the relevant international law practice of our country.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D993.5

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