近岸钻井平台造成油污损害赔偿法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 04:39

本文选题：近岸钻井平台 + 油污　；参考：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：2010年4月20日,位于墨西哥湾的“深水地平线”钻井平台发生溢油事故,并造成了美国历史上最严重的钻井平台油污事故,而据调查这次事故是完全可以避免的。美国对BP开出的天价罚单也看出了此次事故的严重性。本文的写作灵感正是源于墨西哥湾的“深水地平线”溢油事故和随后的大连石油管道爆炸事故,随着近海石油开发事业的发展,其所带来的油污风险也在不断加大,而近岸钻井平台由于其位于直接开采石油的环节所造成的油污损害要比油轮的大多,目前国际上和我国国内对近岸钻井平台的立法规制却又不是十分完善。虽然国际上有许多调整由于船舶造成油污损害赔偿问题的公约和国内立法等,但关于近岸钻井平台的公约国内法却很少,因此有必要对由于近岸钻井平台造成油污的损害赔偿问题进行分析,寻求解决近岸钻井平台造成油污的损害赔偿问题之路。本文绪论部分介绍了目前近岸钻井平台的基本情况并对墨西哥湾“深水地平线”油污事故进行了简单梳理,并介绍了近岸钻井平台造成油污的严重性以及对其造成损害的相关问题进行简要分析。第一章对近岸钻井平的范围界定进行分析,从国际公约,还是组织立法和国内法的方面进行对比,并探究了钻井平台和船舶的区别以及在国际法和国内法中的实践。第二章则重点分析了近岸钻井平台造成的损害和责任问题,从近岸钻井平台造成损害的国际法责任和对损害范围的界定进行分析,主要对损害问题进行了论证。第三章对近岸钻井平台造成油污的损害赔偿问题进行论证,从赔偿责任性质,赔偿主体,赔偿范围和赔偿限额等方面展开论述,并对比了国际法,美国的相关规定和我国当前的制度。第四章则是对油污损害赔偿基金的分析,从国际油污损害赔偿基金,美国油污损害赔偿基金和我国的油污损害赔偿基金制度的对比出发,探究油污损害赔偿基金对近岸钻井平台的适用问题。最后结论部分通过对全文的总结,提出了对我国建立近岸钻井平台造成油污的损害赔偿制度的有关建议。
[Abstract]:The oil spill at the Deepwater Horizon rig in the Gulf of Mexico on April 20, 2010, caused the worst oil spill in the history of the United States. The severity of the accident was also seen by the sky-high US fine on BP. The inspiration of this paper is from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill accident in the Gulf of Mexico and the subsequent oil pipeline explosion in Dalian. With the development of offshore oil development, the oil pollution risk is also increasing. Because the offshore drilling platform is located in the link of direct oil exploitation, the oil pollution damage caused by the offshore drilling platform is much more than that of the oil tanker. At present, the legislative regulation of the offshore drilling platform is not perfect in the world and in our country. Although there are many international conventions and domestic legislation regulating compensation for oil pollution damage caused by ships, there are few domestic laws on offshore drilling platforms. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the problem of compensation for oil pollution caused by offshore drilling platform, and to seek a way to solve the problem of compensation for oil pollution caused by offshore drilling platform. The introduction part of this paper introduces the basic situation of offshore drilling platform and briefly combs the oil pollution accident of Deepwater Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico. The seriousness of oil pollution caused by offshore drilling platform and the related problems of damage caused by it are briefly analyzed. The first chapter analyzes the definition of the scope of offshore drilling flat, compares the international convention, organization legislation and domestic law, and probes into the difference between drilling platform and ship and the practice in international law and domestic law. The second chapter focuses on the analysis of damage and liability caused by offshore drilling platform, and analyzes the international liability of damage caused by offshore drilling platform and the definition of damage scope, and mainly demonstrates the damage problem. The third chapter demonstrates the problem of compensation for oil pollution caused by offshore drilling platform, discusses the nature of liability, the main body of compensation, the scope of compensation and the limit of compensation, and compares international law. The relevant regulations of the United States and the current system of our country. The fourth chapter is the analysis of the oil pollution damage compensation fund, starting from the comparison of the international oil pollution compensation fund, the United States oil pollution damage compensation fund and the oil pollution damage compensation fund system of our country. To explore the application of oil pollution damage compensation fund to offshore drilling platforms. Finally, through the summary of the full text, the paper puts forward some suggestions on establishing the damage compensation system for oil pollution caused by offshore drilling platform in China.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996.9

【引证文献】