涉外隐私侵权法律适用研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 06:58

本文选题：涉外隐私 + 互联网　；参考：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着时代发展,涉外隐私侵权是一个日益频发的法律现象。从表面上看,它仅仅是一个含有涉外因素的普通民事侵权,与一般涉外侵权并无显著区别;就其法律后果而言,它却深刻影响到一国的言论自由、互联网行业以及数据挖掘行业等方面的发展。为了更加全面地维护国家利益,有必要对现有的涉外隐私侵权法律适用规则进行检讨。在现代社会,由于隐私权内容弹性大,侵权途径特殊,并与公权力以及其它私权利互有牵连,应当对涉外隐私侵权的法律适用规则进行审慎取舍。从目前的立法实践可以看出,包括我国在内世界上大多数国家没有对涉外隐私侵权的法律适用问题进行重视,国际统一实体法方面的合作进展缓慢,收效甚微,并且局面难以在短时间内得到改善,由此带来的直接影响便是大量案件需要通过冲突法加以解决。国内立法者注意到了互联网等新兴传媒手段给涉外隐私侵权领域所带来的影响,并制定了相应规定。不可否认,该项规定具备一定的合理性与科学性,但是内容过于单一,无法更好满足实践需要。基于此,本篇论文以如何完善国内涉外隐私侵权冲突规则为主线展开论述。研究方法上,以价值分析为主,比较分析为辅。结构上,文章分为四个部分,从相关角度来分析涉外隐私侵权法律适用规则。第一部分首先介绍涉外隐私侵权的严峻现实并分析其特点。与此同时,着重分析了相应的国际统一实体规则以及现有冲突规则,认为现有规则不能有效满足国家的利益诉求,应当对国内现有规则做出进一步完善。第二部分论述涉外隐私侵权法律适用连接点的选择问题。在分析侵权行为地作为连接点不再合适之后,承认被侵权人经常居所地有其内在的合理性。然而,被侵权人经常居所地不能妥善地平衡各种利益,与其作用相互补的侵权人经常居所地便被纳入考虑范围。第三部分研究了意思自治引入的必要性,认为仅仅引入经常居所地这一连接点仍有其缺陷。应当注意到,对当事人意思自治应当进行合理限制,特别是言论自由以及赔偿额度方面的限制,以使其权利行使符合法院地国的政策导向。第四部分主要探讨包括涉外隐私侵权在内的涉外人格侵权区分与竞合问题。由于隐私权与其他人格权存在千丝万缕的关系,尤其是肖像权、姓名权以及名誉权。进一步厘清各方关系,可以为统一司法实践提供参考标准。文章的结语是对全文研究进行概括和梳理,认为我国涉外隐私侵权的冲突规则应当以当事人意思自治优先,当事人经常居所地为补充,同时以上情形都需要由法院进行合理地限制。
[Abstract]:With the development of the times, foreign privacy infringement is an increasingly frequent legal phenomenon. On the face of it, it is only an ordinary civil tort involving foreign factors, and there is no significant difference between it and ordinary foreign-related infringement. As far as its legal consequences are concerned, it has a profound impact on a country's freedom of speech. Internet industry and data mining industry and other aspects of the development. In order to protect the national interests more comprehensively, it is necessary to review the applicable rules of foreign privacy tort law. In modern society, due to the flexibility of privacy content, the special ways of infringement, and the mutual involvement of public power and other private rights, it is necessary to carefully choose and choose the applicable rules of privacy infringement in foreign countries. From the current legislative practice, it can be seen that most countries in the world, including China, do not attach importance to the legal application of privacy infringement involving foreign countries, and the cooperation in the field of international unified substantive law has made slow progress and has had little effect. And the situation is difficult to improve in a short time, the direct impact is that a large number of cases need to be resolved through conflict law. Domestic legislators have noticed the impact of new media such as the Internet on foreign privacy infringement, and formulated relevant regulations. It is undeniable that this regulation is reasonable and scientific, but the content is too single to better meet the needs of practice. Based on this, this paper discusses how to perfect the rules of privacy infringement conflict. In the research method, value analysis is the main method, and comparative analysis is auxiliary. Structurally, the article is divided into four parts, from the relevant perspective to analyze the applicable rules of foreign privacy tort law. The first part introduces the severe reality of foreign privacy infringement and analyzes its characteristics. At the same time, the author emphatically analyzes the relevant international uniform substantive rules and existing conflict rules, and considers that the existing rules can not meet the interests of the country effectively, and the existing rules should be further improved. The second part discusses the choice of the connection point of the foreign privacy tort law. After analyzing that the infringing place is no longer suitable as the connection point, it is acknowledged that the infringing person's place of frequent residence has its inherent reasonableness. However, the infringer's regular residence can not balance all kinds of interests properly, and the infringer's regular residence which is complementary to its function is taken into account. In the third part, the necessity of introducing autonomy of will is studied. It should be noted that there should be reasonable restrictions on party autonomy, in particular with regard to freedom of expression and the amount of compensation, so that the exercise of their rights is consistent with the policy orientation of the forum State. The fourth part mainly discusses the discrimination and concurrence of foreign personality tort including foreign privacy infringement. Due to the inextricable relationship between privacy and other personality rights, especially the right to portrait, the right of name and the right of reputation. Further clarification of the relationship between the parties can provide a reference standard for the unification of judicial practice. The conclusion of the article is to summarize and sort out the full text of the study, and think that the conflict rules of privacy infringement concerning foreign affairs should be supplemented by the autonomy of the parties concerned and the place of residence of the parties. At the same time, the above circumstances need to be reasonably limited by the court.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D997

【共引文献】