国际海洋法中的历史性权利研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 18:55

本文选题：历史性权利 + 海洋法　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在国际海洋上越来越得到重视的一项权利之一,即历史性权利,然而直至今日无论国际海洋法还是任何的联合国公约中,对于历史性权利都没有明确的定义,在学术界也没有统一的定义,甚至对于其构成要件都存在不同的学说。从而也是导致了历史性权利与历史性水域、历史性所有权、历史性捕鱼权等相关的概念之间模糊又相互混淆,在运用中则相互模糊互用,从而使维护主权国家应有的权利出现困难。有的学者认为历史性权利在《联合国海洋法公约》中也没有明确的规定,因此《联合国海洋法公约》并不承认历史性权利,但依据《维也纳条约法》的解释规则对于历史性权利进行解释,历史性权利在《联合国海洋法公约》中实际上是有其地位并承认其存在的。无论在国际实践中还是在学术界,历史性权利都没有统一而又明确的定义,但是国际委员会对于历史性权利有初步的界定,也就是首先主张权利国家对于相关的海域已经行驶了管辖权,其次是在公开持续的行使权力已经有相当长的时间,最后从其他国家得到了默认。当然对于国际委员会的构成要件,学术界也有不同的学说。无论海洋法还是相关的国际法中,历史性权利都是十分重要的一项权利。尤其是近些年来南海持续的爆发出各种问题,都是国际上关注的热点与焦点。自从中国向世界公开表示了九段线的权利以后,通过在历史进程过程中一直对于权利的巩固,从而对于南海拥有历史性权利。但是由于历史问题的原因,中国在九段线内的权利,其持续性和排他性并不是十分的突出,因此就纵容了九段线周围的国家为了其本国的权益肆无忌惮的扩张,无视我国固有的海洋权利。自古以来中国就是海洋大国,我们必须在不断的巩固自己原有权利的同时,利用法律武器维护并主张应有且应得的权利,利用国际规则主张中国的历史性权利,这不仅仅是对于我国维护本国海洋利益有推动,而且还是对于国际社会的规则更加的完善作出更多的帮助。
[Abstract]:One of the rights that has received increasing attention in the international oceans is the historic right, but until today there is no clear definition of historical rights in either the international law of the sea or in any United Nations convention, There is no uniform definition in academia, and there are different theories about its constituent elements. This also leads to ambiguity and confusion between historical rights and historical waters, historical ownership, historical fishing rights, etc. This makes it difficult to safeguard the rights due to sovereign states. Some scholars believe that historical rights are not explicitly provided for in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and therefore the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea does not recognize historical rights, However, according to the rules of interpretation of the Vienna Law of treaties, the historic right has its status and recognizes its existence in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. There is no uniform and clear definition of historical rights in both international practice and academia, but the International Commission has a preliminary definition of historical rights, That is to say, first, the right state has exercised jurisdiction over the relevant sea area, the second is that the power has been exercised openly and continuously for quite a long time, and finally acquiesced from other countries. Of course, there are different theories about the constitution of international committee. Historical right is a very important right in law of the sea and relevant international law. Especially in recent years, the South China Sea continues to erupt a variety of problems, which are the focus of international attention. Ever since China publicly expressed its right to the nine-dash line to the world, it has had historic rights over the South China Sea through the consolidation of its rights in the course of history. However, due to historical problems, the persistence and exclusiveness of China's rights in the nine-dash line are not very prominent, so the countries around the nine-dash line are allowed to expand unscrupulously for the sake of their own rights and interests. Disregard for our country's inherent right to the sea. Since ancient times, China has been a major maritime power. We must constantly consolidate our original rights while using legal weapons to safeguard and claim due and deserved rights, and to use international rules to claim China's historic rights. This is not only for our country to protect the interests of the sea, but also for the international community to improve the rules of more help.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D993.5

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