南海争端解决途径研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 06:07

本文选题：南海争端 + 争端解决途径　；参考：《西南政法大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：南海争端，是当前我国面临的最棘手，最复杂的海疆问题。南海丰富的海洋资源和优越的战略地位，引起了周边国家的争夺。目前，南海局势呈现出“六国七方”之势，我国主权和安全受到极大的挑战。我国学界对南海问题进行了深入地研究、讨论，并提出了多种解决南海争端的方法。本文致力于从现有的各种争端解决途径出发，通过比较研究，探求一种可行性较高的方式。本文包括四个部分：文章的第一部分，首先从政治途径的概念和分类着手，简要分析了以政治途径解决南海争端的优越性和局限性。然后，文章就目前学界争议颇大的双边方式和多边方式进行对比分析，并总结出双边方式和多边方式各自的优劣势。最后，文章以2002年至今的大量实例说明，中国与东盟各方签署的《南海各方行为宣言》作为以多边方式解决南海争端的积极尝试在实践中遭遇的困境，并就产生该困境的深层次原因进行了深入地探讨。文章的第二部分，通过对比分析讨论了三种法律方式解决南海争端的优劣势。首先，文章回顾了《联合国海洋法公约》的签署背景和由此对南海争端产生的影响，并通过列举的方式介绍了在该公约框架下的各种争端解决途径。其次，着重介绍了三种国际社会普遍认同的法律方式，即国际仲裁和国际司法，其中国际司法包括两种不同司法主体的情形——国际法院和国际海洋法法庭。文章通过对国际法上的晚近判例的分析，对比总结出常设仲裁法院，国际法院以及国际海洋法法庭在解决南海争端中的优劣势。文章的第三部分则是对武力解决途径的可行性和局限性进行了分析。二战结束以后，“禁止使用武力原则”已经成为国际社会的共识。但是，有原则即有例外。文章先从“禁止使用武力原则”之例外情形入手，通过对《联合国宪章》以及其他国际条约的分析，为使用武力解决南海争端寻求合法的依据。其次，罗列出武力解决南海争端的优势之处。最后，重点分析了武力解决南海争端所负担之风险。为避免南海局势的进一步恶化，通过对三种争端解决途径的对比分析，文章的第四部分针对前文的问题提出一些建议以供参考。首先，在政治解决途径方面，本文对多边方式解决南海争端进行了进一步的思考，提出积极尝试有限的多边途径的两个步骤。其次，，在法律解决途径方面，文章主要从南沙的行政建制、《联合国海洋法公约》的适用以及单方面诉诸国际海洋法法庭三个方面提出一些建议。最后，在武力解决途径方面，从整体到局部，从宏观到微观分析了武力解决南海争端的关节之处。比较解决南海争端的各种方式，可知单纯使用任何一种争端解决途径都不可能妥善地解决南海争端，笔者认为必须将三种争端解决途径有机地结合起来。因此，我国在积极展开外交斡旋、协商谈判的同时，应当尝试从法律解决途径打开突破口，并且要坚定“不放弃使用武力”捍卫国家主权的决心。
[Abstract]:The disputes in the South China Sea are the most intractable and complex coastal areas in China . The abundant marine resources and superior strategic position in the South China Sea have caused the scramble for the surrounding countries . At present , the situation in the South China Sea presents the potential of " six countries and seven parties " , and our country ' s sovereignty and security have been greatly challenged . China ' s academic circles have conducted an in - depth study and discussion on the issue of the South China Sea , and put forward a variety of methods to resolve the disputes in the South China Sea .

Based on the existing dispute settlement methods , this paper makes a comparative study to explore a more feasible way . This paper includes four parts :

The first part of this article begins with the concept and classification of political ways , analyzes the superiority and limitation of the dispute over the South China Sea in a political way , and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of bilateral and multilateral approaches .

In the second part of this paper , three legal methods are discussed to solve the advantages and disadvantages of the dispute between the South China Sea and the South China Sea . Firstly , this article reviews the background of the signing of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and its impact on the disputes in the South China Sea .

The third part of the article is the analysis of the feasibility and limitation of the solution of force . After the end of World War II , the principle of the prohibition of the use of force has become the consensus of the international community . However , there is the principle that there is an exception .

In order to avoid the further deterioration of the situation in the South China Sea , the fourth part of this paper puts forward some suggestions to solve the problems of the South China Sea through the comparative analysis of three kinds of dispute resolution ways . First , in the aspect of political settlement , this paper puts forward two steps to solve the disputes in the South China Sea in a multilateral way .

In order to solve the disputes in the South China Sea , it can be concluded that there is no possibility of properly solving the disputes between the South China Sea and the South China Sea . Therefore , the author believes that the three types of dispute resolution ways must be organically combined . Therefore , in the meantime , China should try to open a breakthrough from the legal settlement path while actively expanding the diplomatic good offices and negotiating the negotiations , and firmly " do not give up the use of force " to defend the determination of the sovereignty of the State .
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D993.5;D823

【参考文献】