欧洲人权法院关于在公共场所穿戴蒙面服饰的最新法理——基于“S.A.S.诉法国”案的分析

发布时间：2018-08-26 20:15

【摘要】："S.A.S.诉法国"案涉及法国立法禁止在公共场所穿戴蒙面服饰是否违反《欧洲人权公约》的问题。在本案中,欧洲人权法院修正了相关判例法,驳回了法国有关穿戴蒙面服饰与性别平等和人性尊严相关的主张。尽管如此,法院还是以比较宽松的标准通过了对法国立法的合理性和必要性审查。一方面,法院对公约限制条款进行扩张解释,支持了法国以"共同生活"为限制理由的合理性辩护;另一方面,在评估立法禁止蒙面服饰必要性的问题上,法院保持司法克制并授予法国宽泛的自由裁量余地。欧洲人权法院扩张解释和司法克制具有内在的统一性。欧洲社会现实、缔约国对特定国内情势下的社会政策选择以及欧洲人权法院与缔约国关系,是欧洲人权法院扩张解释和司法克制的重要影响因素。
[Abstract]:S.A.S. v. France concerns the question of whether French legislation prohibiting the wearing of masked clothing in public places violates the European Convention on Human Rights. In this case, the European Court of Human Rights amended its case law to reject the French claim that masked clothing is related to gender equality and human dignity. On the one hand, the Court extended the interpretation of the restriction clause of the Convention to support the rational defense of France on the ground of "living together"; on the other hand, the Court maintained judicial restraint and granted France leniency in assessing the necessity of legislation prohibiting masked clothing. Extended interpretation and judicial restraint of the European Court of Human Rights have inherent unity. The social reality in Europe, the choice of social policies by the contracting parties in specific domestic situations and the relationship between the European Court of Human Rights and the contracting parties are important factors affecting the expansive interpretation and judicial restraint of the European Court of Human Rights.
【作者单位】：中南大学法学院;
【基金】：湖南省社科基金特别委托项目“宗教信仰自由的人权保障与限制:抽象原则与域外实践”(14TWB41) 中南大学第三批创新驱动计划项目(2016CX042) 法治湖南建设与区域社会治理协同创新中心平台建设的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D998.2

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