英国区际判决承认与执行制度研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 11:42

【摘要】：本文中,对英国区际判决承认与执行制度从三个部分来阐述,并在最后讨论该制度对于中国的借鉴意义。第一部分是对英国区际判决承认和执行制度的涵义进行介绍。首先,说明区际判决是一种法律现象,指的是在一个主权国家内由于存在不同法域导致互相之间不能对彼此判决直接承认或执行。接下来介绍承认与执行的涵义、判决执行需满足的条件以及承认和执行之间的区别和联系。其次,介绍该制度的生成背景,也即英国三个法域是如何形成的。最后阐述该制度与英国对外国判决的承认与执行制度之间的关系。第二部分主要是对英国区际判决承认与执行制度的法律渊源的介绍。由于英国是传统的普通法系国家,因此普通法是该制度的法律渊源之一。在英国加入相关国际公约以前,普通法是对外国判决承认与执行的重要法律渊源；同时英国是欧洲联盟的成员,因此英国加入了很多由欧盟国家共同签署的国际公约,如本文中介绍的《1968年卢迦诺公约》。由于国际公约在英国不能直接得以适用,因此英国制定了全国统一的成文法,以规范区际判决的承认与执行制度,例如《1982年民事管辖和判决法令》。第三部分中将介绍英国区际判决承认与执行制度的具体规则。由于现行的该制度主要依据的是1982年制定的《民事管辖和判决法令》中的第18条款以及附表6和附表7中的规定,因此在这一部分首先将依据该法令相关规定首先对这一制度进行总体介绍,然后再分别对金钱判决和非金钱判决两种类型的判决进行阐述,并对其分别介绍具体的承认与执行方式。最后,是讨论英国区际判决承认与执行制度对于中国的借鉴意义。随着香港、澳门特别行政区的回归,中国已经成为了一个典型的复合法域国家。本部分首先分别从香港、澳门以及台湾三个方面阐述中国区际判决承认与执行制度的现状,并分析该制度在三个法域中实施方式的异同。其次,分析当前中国区际判决承认与执行制度的不足,并讨论在英国区际判决承认与执行制度中可供中国借鉴之处。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the system of recognition and enforcement of interregional judgments in Britain is described in three parts, and the significance of the system for China is discussed in the end. The first part introduces the meaning of the system of recognition and enforcement of interregional judgments in Britain. First of all, it shows that inter-regional judgment is a kind of legal phenomenon, which means that in a sovereign state, due to the existence of different jurisdictions, it is impossible for each other to directly recognize or enforce each other's judgments. Then it introduces the meaning of recognition and enforcement, the conditions to be satisfied and the distinction and relation between recognition and enforcement. Secondly, it introduces the background of the formation of the system, that is, how the three jurisdictions of the United Kingdom formed. Finally, the relationship between the system and the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments in Britain is discussed. The second part mainly introduces the legal sources of the system of recognition and enforcement of interregional judgments in Britain. As Britain is a traditional common law country, common law is one of the legal sources of this system. Before Britain joined the relevant international conventions, the common law was an important source of law for the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. At the same time, the United Kingdom was a member of the European Union, so Britain acceded to many international conventions signed jointly by the EU countries. As described in this article, the 1968 Lugano Convention. Because international conventions can not be directly applied in Britain, Britain has formulated a unified statute law to regulate the system of recognition and enforcement of inter-regional judgments, such as the Civil jurisdiction and judgment Act 1982. The third part will introduce the specific rules of the system of recognition and enforcement of interregional judgments in Britain. Since the current system is based primarily on article 18 of the Civil jurisdiction and judgments Act, enacted in 1982, and the provisions of schedules 6 and 7, Therefore, in this part, we will first introduce the system as a whole according to the relevant provisions of the Act, and then elaborate on the two types of judgments: monetary judgment and non-pecuniary judgment, respectively. And introduces the specific recognition and enforcement respectively. Finally, the paper discusses the significance of the system of recognition and enforcement of interregional judgments to China. With the return of Hong Kong and Macao, China has become a typical complex jurisdiction. This part first expounds the status quo of China's inter-regional judgment recognition and enforcement system from the three aspects of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and analyzes the similarities and differences of the implementation of the system in the three jurisdictions. Secondly, it analyzes the deficiencies of the current system of recognition and enforcement of inter-regional judgments in China, and discusses the points that can be used for reference by China in the system of recognition and enforcement of inter-regional judgments in the United Kingdom.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D956.1;D997

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