英美法相关规定对我国预期违约制度完善的借鉴作用
发布时间：2018-09-02 05:40
【摘要】：预期违约制度起源于英美法,最早以英国判例的形式(即英国1853年的Hoechester v. De La Tour一案)得以确立。后来在美国为《美国统一商法典》以法典形式认可,并被1980年《联合国国际货物买卖合同公约》和1994年《国际商事合同通则》所确认,进而在国际贸易中得以广泛应用。我国在1999年颁布的《中华人民共和国合同法》第九十四条第二款和第一百零八条也以专门条文的形式规定了该项内容。但与国外先进立法相比,我国法律对此项内容的规定过于简陋,且缺乏体系性,不便于司法实践操作,因此本文将介绍英国、美国、1980年《联合国国际货物买卖合同公约》和1994年《国际商事合同通则》关于其的具体规定,并分析他们对我国建立完善的预期违约制度的借鉴意义,提出要在我国形成一套科学完善的预期违约制度体系的观点。 文章在结构上分为三大部分,第一部分为预期违约制度概述,分四节介绍了预期违约制度的定义、起源和发展、确立的必要性和意义以及预期违约制度与实际违约、不安抗辩权的比较分析。本部分内容是对预期违约制度进行解读,厘清预期违约与我国目前存在的实际违约和不安抗辩权这两项内容的关系,最终说明该项制度的内容在我国目前虽然零星存在,但我国实有必要建立一套科学体系。 第二部分和第三部分是文章的中心内容。第二部分是对英美法及国际私法中的预期违约制度的解析。主要介绍了英国、美国、1980年《联合国国际货物买卖合同公约》和2004年《国际商事合同通则》中的预期违约制度的具体内容,重点介绍了各自的分类形态、判断标准和救济方法。通过本部分的解析,希望阐明诸多规定的差异和相同之处,为第三部分论述英美法对我国预期违约制度完善的借鉴作用打下基础。 第三部分是英美法相关规定对我国预期违约制度完善的借鉴作用。此部分点题,是整个文章的重点和创新。本部分共分四节,第一节首先介绍了我国法律目前的预期违约内容状况,说明当前规定存在的不足。后面分三节介绍了在分类形态、判断标准和救济方法上应该向英美法借鉴的内容,最后一节是对文章的总结,在此得出文章最后结论,即希望通过研究英美法和1980年《联合国国际货物买卖合同公约》和2004年《国际商事合同通则》,学习先进立法的成熟经验,促使我国预期违约制度形成合理体系,即形成对预期违约的科学定义、科学分类、科学限定默示预期违约的判断标准、合理、清晰规定预期违约尤其是默示预期违约的救济方法这一科学体系,并说明应该在法律中以专门一节的形式进行集中规定。
[Abstract]:The system of anticipatory breach of contract originated in Anglo-American law and was first established in the form of English case (Hoechester v. De La Tour case of 1853). Later in the United States, the uniform Commercial Code of the United States was recognized in the form of a code, which was confirmed by the United Nations Convention on contracts for the International Sale of goods of 1980 and the principles of International Commercial contracts of 1994, and was then widely used in international trade. The second paragraph of Article 94 and Article 108 of contract Law of the people's Republic of China promulgated in 1999 also stipulated this content in the form of special provisions. However, compared with foreign advanced legislation, the provisions of Chinese law on this content are too simple, and lack of systematic, not convenient for judicial practice, so this article will introduce the United Kingdom, In the United States, the United Nations Convention on contracts for the International Sale of goods of 1980 and the General principles of International Commercial contracts of 1994 have specific provisions on them, and the significance of their reference to the establishment of a perfect system of anticipatory breach of contract in China is analyzed. Put forward to form a set of scientific and perfect system of anticipatory breach of contract in our country. The article is divided into three parts in structure. The first part is an overview of the system of anticipatory breach of contract, which is divided into four sections to introduce the definition, origin and development of the system of anticipatory breach of contract, the necessity and significance of the establishment, and the system of anticipatory breach of contract and actual breach of contract. A comparative analysis of the right to unease defense. The content of this part is to interpret the system of anticipatory breach of contract, clarify the relationship between anticipatory breach of contract and the actual breach of contract and the right of restless defense, and finally explain that the content of this system exists sporadically in our country at present. However, it is necessary to establish a scientific system in China. The second part and the third part are the central contents of the article. The second part is the analysis of the system of anticipatory breach of contract in Anglo-American law and private international law. This paper mainly introduces the specific contents of the anticipatory breach of contract system in the United Kingdom, the United States, the United Nations Convention on contracts for the International Sale of goods in 1980 and the General principles of International Commercial contracts in 2004, with emphasis on their respective classification forms, judgment criteria and relief methods. Through the analysis of this part, we hope to clarify the differences and similarities of many regulations, and lay a foundation for the third part to discuss the reference of Anglo-American law to the perfection of the system of anticipatory breach of contract in our country. The third part is the reference of the relevant provisions of Anglo-American law to perfect the system of anticipatory breach of contract in our country. This part of the point, is the focus of the whole article and innovation. This part is divided into four sections. The first section introduces the current situation of anticipatory breach of contract in Chinese law and explains the shortcomings of the current provisions. The following three sections introduce the content that should be used for reference in classification form, judgment standard and relief method. The last section is a summary of the article, and draws the final conclusion of the article. That is, by studying the Anglo-American law, the 1980 United Nations Convention on contracts for the International Sale of goods and the 2004 General principles of International Commercial contracts, we hope to learn from the mature experience of advanced legislation and to promote the formation of a reasonable system of the system of anticipatory breach of contract in our country. That is, the scientific system of scientific definition, scientific classification, scientific definition of anticipatory breach of contract, scientific limitation of judging standard of implied anticipatory breach of contract, reasonable and clear stipulation of remedy method of anticipatory breach of contract, especially implied anticipatory breach of contract. It also states that it should be centralized in the form of a special section of the law.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D923.6;D997.1;D913
本文编号：2218425
[Abstract]:The system of anticipatory breach of contract originated in Anglo-American law and was first established in the form of English case (Hoechester v. De La Tour case of 1853). Later in the United States, the uniform Commercial Code of the United States was recognized in the form of a code, which was confirmed by the United Nations Convention on contracts for the International Sale of goods of 1980 and the principles of International Commercial contracts of 1994, and was then widely used in international trade. The second paragraph of Article 94 and Article 108 of contract Law of the people's Republic of China promulgated in 1999 also stipulated this content in the form of special provisions. However, compared with foreign advanced legislation, the provisions of Chinese law on this content are too simple, and lack of systematic, not convenient for judicial practice, so this article will introduce the United Kingdom, In the United States, the United Nations Convention on contracts for the International Sale of goods of 1980 and the General principles of International Commercial contracts of 1994 have specific provisions on them, and the significance of their reference to the establishment of a perfect system of anticipatory breach of contract in China is analyzed. Put forward to form a set of scientific and perfect system of anticipatory breach of contract in our country. The article is divided into three parts in structure. The first part is an overview of the system of anticipatory breach of contract, which is divided into four sections to introduce the definition, origin and development of the system of anticipatory breach of contract, the necessity and significance of the establishment, and the system of anticipatory breach of contract and actual breach of contract. A comparative analysis of the right to unease defense. The content of this part is to interpret the system of anticipatory breach of contract, clarify the relationship between anticipatory breach of contract and the actual breach of contract and the right of restless defense, and finally explain that the content of this system exists sporadically in our country at present. However, it is necessary to establish a scientific system in China. The second part and the third part are the central contents of the article. The second part is the analysis of the system of anticipatory breach of contract in Anglo-American law and private international law. This paper mainly introduces the specific contents of the anticipatory breach of contract system in the United Kingdom, the United States, the United Nations Convention on contracts for the International Sale of goods in 1980 and the General principles of International Commercial contracts in 2004, with emphasis on their respective classification forms, judgment criteria and relief methods. Through the analysis of this part, we hope to clarify the differences and similarities of many regulations, and lay a foundation for the third part to discuss the reference of Anglo-American law to the perfection of the system of anticipatory breach of contract in our country. The third part is the reference of the relevant provisions of Anglo-American law to perfect the system of anticipatory breach of contract in our country. This part of the point, is the focus of the whole article and innovation. This part is divided into four sections. The first section introduces the current situation of anticipatory breach of contract in Chinese law and explains the shortcomings of the current provisions. The following three sections introduce the content that should be used for reference in classification form, judgment standard and relief method. The last section is a summary of the article, and draws the final conclusion of the article. That is, by studying the Anglo-American law, the 1980 United Nations Convention on contracts for the International Sale of goods and the 2004 General principles of International Commercial contracts, we hope to learn from the mature experience of advanced legislation and to promote the formation of a reasonable system of the system of anticipatory breach of contract in our country. That is, the scientific system of scientific definition, scientific classification, scientific definition of anticipatory breach of contract, scientific limitation of judging standard of implied anticipatory breach of contract, reasonable and clear stipulation of remedy method of anticipatory breach of contract, especially implied anticipatory breach of contract. It also states that it should be centralized in the form of a special section of the law.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D923.6;D997.1;D913
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