核能安全利用的国际法律制度研究
发布时间：2018-11-16 16:37
【摘要】：当今社会,能源短缺问题成为人类面对的难题。核能,作为传统能源的替代品,在现代社会的能源结构中占有重要的位置。与传统能源相比,核能具有清洁、高效、经济等特点。在利用核能的过程中,如何保证核能安全利用是我们需要考虑的问题。 本篇文章主要分为五部分。 第一部分简单介绍了核能安全利用的概念,并解释了本篇文章所探讨的“核能安全利用”这一概念。除此之外,这一部分还介绍了目前世界各国核能利用的情况和历史上三次重大的核事故。 第二部分阐述了核能安全利用国际法律制度的现状。主要的国际法律制度包括关于放射性物质管理的国际法律制度,如《核安全公约》和《乏燃料管理安全和放射性废料管理安全联合公约》,关于核事故的国际法律制度,如《及早通报核事故公约》和《核事故或辐射紧急情况救援公约》,国际原子能机构本身和其制定的安全标准也是核能安全利用国际法律体系中的重要组成部分。除此之外,还包括其他关于核能安全利用的国际法律公约。 第三部分分析了核能安全利用国际法律制度的不足。这一部分分别从法律规定不完备、法律文件强制性弱、形式意义的审查导致监督力度差和国际原子能机构的不足这些角度来分析。 第四部分提出了核能安全利用国际法律制度的完善方法。我们可以通过健全国际法律体系、增强国际原子能机构的作用、健全国际间的合作机制和实现公约在国内法上的有效渗入这些方式来完善现有的国际法律制度,从而更好地实现核能的安全利用。 第五部分探讨了中国核能安全利用的法律问题。这一部分提出了中国核能安全利用方面法律制度的不足之处和改进的方式,这对健全中国核能安全利用的法律制度是十分重要的,也能够保证今后中国核能事业朝着良好的方向发展,对建设安全的核环境有着重要的意义。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the problem of energy shortage has become a difficult problem for mankind. Nuclear energy, as a substitute for traditional energy, plays an important role in the energy structure of modern society. Compared with traditional energy, nuclear energy has the characteristics of cleanliness, efficiency, economy and so on. In the process of using nuclear energy, how to ensure the safe use of nuclear energy is a problem we need to consider. This article is divided into five parts. The first part briefly introduces the concept of safe use of nuclear energy and explains the concept of "safe use of nuclear energy" discussed in this paper. In addition, this part also introduces the current situation of nuclear energy utilization and three major nuclear accidents in the history of the world. The second part expounds the current situation of the international legal system for the safe use of nuclear energy. Major international legal regimes include international legal regimes on the management of radioactive materials, such as the Convention on Nuclear Safety and the Joint Convention on the Safety of spent fuel Management and on the Safety of radioactive waste Management, and the international legal regime on nuclear accidents, For example, the Convention on early Notification of a Nuclear accident and the Convention on the Rescue of a Nuclear accident or Radiological Emergency, the International Atomic Energy Agency itself and its safety standards are also an important part of the international legal system for the safe use of nuclear energy. In addition, it also includes other international legal conventions on the safe use of nuclear energy. The third part analyzes the deficiency of the international legal system of the safe use of nuclear energy. This part is analyzed from the angles of incomplete legal provisions, weak mandatory legal documents, poor supervision and insufficient supervision by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as a result of the examination of formal meaning. The fourth part puts forward the perfect method of the international legal system of the safe use of nuclear energy. We can improve the existing international legal system by improving the international legal system, strengthening the role of the International Atomic Energy Agency, improving the mechanisms of international cooperation and achieving the effective infiltration of the Convention into domestic law, In order to better achieve the safe use of nuclear energy. The fifth part discusses the legal problems of the safe use of nuclear energy in China. This part points out the deficiencies and ways to improve the legal system for the safe use of nuclear energy in China, which is very important to the improvement of the legal system for the safe use of nuclear energy in China. It can also ensure that China's nuclear energy industry will develop in a good direction in the future, which is of great significance to the construction of a safe nuclear environment.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D999.2
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the problem of energy shortage has become a difficult problem for mankind. Nuclear energy, as a substitute for traditional energy, plays an important role in the energy structure of modern society. Compared with traditional energy, nuclear energy has the characteristics of cleanliness, efficiency, economy and so on. In the process of using nuclear energy, how to ensure the safe use of nuclear energy is a problem we need to consider. This article is divided into five parts. The first part briefly introduces the concept of safe use of nuclear energy and explains the concept of "safe use of nuclear energy" discussed in this paper. In addition, this part also introduces the current situation of nuclear energy utilization and three major nuclear accidents in the history of the world. The second part expounds the current situation of the international legal system for the safe use of nuclear energy. Major international legal regimes include international legal regimes on the management of radioactive materials, such as the Convention on Nuclear Safety and the Joint Convention on the Safety of spent fuel Management and on the Safety of radioactive waste Management, and the international legal regime on nuclear accidents, For example, the Convention on early Notification of a Nuclear accident and the Convention on the Rescue of a Nuclear accident or Radiological Emergency, the International Atomic Energy Agency itself and its safety standards are also an important part of the international legal system for the safe use of nuclear energy. In addition, it also includes other international legal conventions on the safe use of nuclear energy. The third part analyzes the deficiency of the international legal system of the safe use of nuclear energy. This part is analyzed from the angles of incomplete legal provisions, weak mandatory legal documents, poor supervision and insufficient supervision by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as a result of the examination of formal meaning. The fourth part puts forward the perfect method of the international legal system of the safe use of nuclear energy. We can improve the existing international legal system by improving the international legal system, strengthening the role of the International Atomic Energy Agency, improving the mechanisms of international cooperation and achieving the effective infiltration of the Convention into domestic law, In order to better achieve the safe use of nuclear energy. The fifth part discusses the legal problems of the safe use of nuclear energy in China. This part points out the deficiencies and ways to improve the legal system for the safe use of nuclear energy in China, which is very important to the improvement of the legal system for the safe use of nuclear energy in China. It can also ensure that China's nuclear energy industry will develop in a good direction in the future, which is of great significance to the construction of a safe nuclear environment.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D999.2
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