论不推回原则在海上拦截中的适用

发布时间：2018-12-28 10:34

【摘要】：海上拦截作为海洋边界控制的一种重要措施是在国家实践的基础上逐渐发展起来的,其主要目的是防控非法移民、打击偷渡和人口贩运犯罪、防范恐怖分子入境等。然而,在"混合移民"的背景下,一些国家基于本国的国家利益往往忽略海上迁徙的难民和避难寻求者的合法利益,导致了对难民和避难寻求者的"推回",从而违反了不推回原则。联合国难民署近年来发布的一系列文件对于协调"难民保护"和"边界控制"二者之间的平衡具有一定的指导意义。为了规制海上拦截行为并维护不推回原则,不仅要适度调整相关国际条约的相关内容、明确国家在公海上实施海上拦截的国家责任,还应确立以联合国难民署为中心的国际组织的监督地位。
[Abstract]:As an important measure of maritime boundary control, maritime interception is gradually developed on the basis of national practice. Its main purpose is to prevent and control illegal immigrants, crack down on the crimes of smuggling and human trafficking, and guard against the entry of terrorists. However, in the context of "mixed migration", some States, based on their national interests, often ignore the legitimate interests of refugees and asylum-seekers who migrate by sea, leading to "refoulement" of refugees and asylum-seekers, This violates the principle of non-refoulement. A series of documents issued by UNHCR in recent years have certain guiding significance for coordinating the balance between "refugee protection" and "border control". In order to regulate maritime interception and maintain the principle of non-refoulement, it is necessary not only to adjust the relevant contents of relevant international treaties appropriately, but also to clarify the national responsibility for the implementation of maritime interception by States on the high seas. The supervisory status of an international organization with UNHCR as its centre should also be established.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学法学院;
【基金】：作者主持的中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“国际法视野下的移民与发展问题研究”(2011WC041)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D998.3

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