引渡的非常规替代措施之批判

发布时间：2019-01-12 09:09

【摘要】：“9·11”事件之后,前任美国总统布什授权中情局采用引渡的非常规替代措施用以缉拿恐怖分子,这类措施可以绕过引渡合作的法律障碍从境外将疑犯缉拿归案,却会有损相关国家的主权,侵犯相关当事人的基本人权。本文采用案例与理论,分析与综合的方法,对引渡的非常规替代措施进行批评。首先,从非常规替代措施的具体表现形式及相关案例出发,对非常规替代措施进行辩驳,指出非常规替代措施违反了引渡一般原则中有关双重犯罪原则以及或起诉或引渡原则之规定。非常规替代措施缺乏正当性基础,不仅侵犯他国国家司法主权,更侵犯了他国公民的基本人权。其次,以“美国特工钓鱼执法案”为例,从程序正义和实体正义两个角度对非常规替代措施进行批判,指出非常规替代措施违背司法正义之精神。最后,针对非常规替代措施,本文指出国家和政府应当主张限制该措施的使用,主张始终坚持无罪推定原则,进行实质性的人权保护,并对被判刑人移管制度加以灵活运用,最大限度保护我国公民。此外,建议主管机关积极推进双边引渡合作,加强相关案例的宣传,提高公民的防范意识。
[Abstract]:After 9 / 11, former US President George W. Bush authorized the CIA to use unconventional alternatives to extradition to catch terrorists, which could bypass legal barriers to extradition cooperation and bring suspects to justice from outside the country. However, it would impair the sovereignty of the countries concerned and violate the basic human rights of the parties concerned. In this paper, cases and theories, analysis and synthesis methods are used to criticize the unconventional alternative measures of extradition. First of all, from the specific manifestations of unconventional alternative measures and related cases, to refute the non-conventional alternative measures, It is pointed out that unconventional alternative measures violate the provisions of the general principle of extradition concerning the principle of dual criminality and the principle of prosecution or Aut dedere Aut judicare. Unconventional alternative measures lack the legitimate basis, which not only infringes the judicial sovereignty of other countries, but also infringes on the basic human rights of citizens of other countries. Secondly, taking the case of "American Secret Service fishing Enforcement case" as an example, this paper criticizes the unconventional alternative measures from the point of view of procedural justice and substantive justice, and points out that the unconventional alternative measures violate the spirit of judicial justice. Finally, with regard to non-conventional alternative measures, this paper points out that States and governments should advocate limiting the use of such measures, uphold the principle of presumption of innocence, provide substantive human rights protection, and apply the system of transfer of sentenced persons flexibly. Maximize the protection of our citizens. In addition, the competent authorities should actively promote bilateral extradition cooperation, strengthen the publicity of relevant cases, and raise citizens' awareness of prevention.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D998.2

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