论合同目的

发布时间：2018-01-19 16:16

本文关键词： 合同目的当事人合同法　出处：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：合同目的是订立合同的方向和指针，在订立、履行合同的过程中占据着重要的位置。合同目的的本质在于当事人双方产生合理对价，为当事人设立义务，以保证合同的顺利履行。本文从合同目的的内涵、特征，以及其与情事变更原则、违约行为之间的关系入手，探究设立合同目的的意义和作用。第一部分：合同目的概述。这部分的内容主要阐述的是合同目的的产生、内涵以及合同目的现实意义和作用。其中重点在于合同目的的产生，区分合同目的与合意，强调合同目的内涵并非是达成合意，而是当事人之间对价的产生，是一个利益变动的结果第二部分：合同目的的特征。笔者认为，合同目的的特征包括一、预期利益性，即合同目的本身是一种可期待的、可实现的并相对具体的利益。二、目的条款化。笔者从目的条款化的角度区分了“目的”与“动机”之间的差别。三、合法性。在这部分内容中，笔者着重对《合同法》第52条“以合法形式掩盖非法目的”进行了剖析，，认为所谓的“非法目的”的表述不准确。第三部分：情事变更与不能实现合同目的。情事变更发生的情形就在于不能实现合同目的、实现合同目的已无实际意义、实现合同目的需要巨大的成本等等。从这一点上可以看出，情事变更原则与合同目的之间存在十分紧密的联系，基于此笔者用了较大篇幅来阐述情事变更原则，并对三个问题进行了着重阐述。一、“情事”不同于不可抗力、商业风险。二、情事变更应发生在合同成立后履行完毕前。三、情事变更的后果并未实际发生。第四部分：违约行为与不能实现合同目的。违约行为与不能实现合同目的之间本不产生必然的联系，但是在几种特定的情况下，会产生不能实现合同目的的必然结果，并导致合同目的的解除。笔者在这个基础上了，结合法院的实际判例，针对合同目的与解除制度之间的关系进行了论述。
[Abstract]:The purpose of the contract is to establish the direction and the pointer of the contract , and occupy an important position in the process of concluding and performing the contract . The essence of the contractual purpose is that both parties generate reasonable consideration and establish an obligation for the parties to ensure the smooth performance of the contract . The first part is an overview of the purpose of the contract . This part mainly deals with the generation , the connotation of the contract and the realistic meaning and function of the contract . The emphasis is on the generation of the purpose of the contract , the distinction between the purpose and the meaning of the contract , and emphasizes that the connotation of the contract is not a consensus , but the result of the price difference between the parties . It is the result of a change of interest . The second part : The characteristics of the contract object . The author thinks that the characteristics of the contract object include one , the pre - term benefit , that is , the contract object itself is an expected , realizable and relatively specific interest . The third part : the change of the circumstances and the non - realization of the contract aim . The situation of the change of the circumstances is that the purpose of the contract cannot be realized , the purpose of the contract is not practical , the purpose of the contract is not practical , the purpose of the contract is not practical , and the purpose of the contract is to realize the purpose of the contract is very close . The fourth part : the breach of contract and the non - realization of the contract object . The default behavior and the non - realization of the contract object do not necessarily have the inevitable connection , but in several specific cases , it will produce the inevitable result that cannot achieve the purpose of the contract , and lead to the termination of the contract purpose . On this basis , according to the actual jurisprudence of the court , the relation between the contract purpose and the dissolution system is discussed .

【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923.6

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