我国政府采购合同监督机制研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 18:52

本文关键词： 政府采购合同监督机制　出处：《大连海事大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：政府采购制度是财政支出管理、规范政府行政行为的重要制度,是当今世界各国政府管理社会经济生活的一个重要手段,在国内国民生产总值中占有较大的比重,我国政府采购已占10%左右,对整个国民经济产生了举足轻重的影响。政府采购是通过采购方与供应商之间的合同关系进行的,合同是政府采购中的核心和枢纽。我国《政府采购法》规定政府采购合同适用《合同法》,但由于其一方主体是拥有行政权利的行政机关,是政府运用社会性财产来满足社会利益的,从而使政府采购合同不同于一般的民事合同。本文从政府采购合同的主体特定性、目的公益性、贯彻行政优益权原则等特征出发,对其性质进行了分析论证。提出了政府采购合同不仅是民事合同,还具有一定的行政性,是一种具有行政性的特殊的民事合同,它以民事合同的外在形式表现其公法的属性,所以,不应机械照搬《合同法》的相关理论,需要在明确适用《合同法》的前提下,对政府采购合同的有关特殊问题做出规定。政府采购合同的行政性、政府采购法律制定上存在的缺陷和政府采购过程的多环节等原因使得建立、完善高效的政府采购合同监督制度,实现政府采购的“公开、公平、公正”,成为一个迫切需要解决的课题。我国的政府采购起步较晚,虽然已形成一定的体系架构,对规范政府采购行为,提高政府采购资金的使用效益,维护国家利益和社会公共利益等方面发挥了非常重要的作用。但不可否认,其监督机制无论是在立法上还是在实践中均存在诸多问题,实施效果也不尽人意,政府采购腐败问题频频曝光。本文着重找出了政府采购合同存在立法不完善、主体监督不到位、合同履行监督不具体和监督管理部门权力过于集中等主要问题,并分析了产生问题的原因,介绍了美国、韩国和新加坡政府采购合同监督机制的经验及对我国的借鉴意义。应该说,对政府采购合同的监督是一项复杂而又重要的工作,它寓于政府采购的全过程。只有进一步规范采购管理和操作,严格制定政府采购的程序,才能树立政府采购的权威和良好形象。本文针对政府采购存在的问题,提出了构建政府采购合同监督的法律体系、加强对政府采购合同主体监督、健全合同履行时政府采购合同履行的审核登记和验收管理、扩大监督主体范围等具体的完善政府采购合同监督制度的措施。
[Abstract]:Government procurement system is an important system of financial expenditure management and standardization of government administrative behavior. It is an important means for governments in the world to manage social and economic life. Accounting for a large proportion of the gross domestic product, China's government procurement has accounted for about 10%. Government procurement is carried out through the contractual relationship between the purchaser and the supplier, and contract is the core and hub of government procurement. Government Procurement Law of our country stipulates that the contract law of government procurement is applicable to the contract law, but because one of its main bodies is an administrative organ with administrative rights, it is the government that uses social property to meet the social interests. So that the government procurement contract is different from the general civil contract. This paper starts with the characteristics of the government procurement contract, such as the specificity of the subject, the purpose of public welfare, the implementation of the principle of administrative benefits. This paper analyzes the nature of the contract and points out that the government procurement contract is not only a civil contract, but also an administrative contract, which is a special civil contract with administrative nature. It expresses its attribute of public law by the external form of civil contract. Therefore, it should not mechanically copy the relevant theory of contract law, but should apply the contract law clearly. The special problems related to government procurement contracts, the administrative nature of government procurement contracts, the shortcomings in the formulation of government procurement laws and the multi-links in the government procurement process make the establishment of government procurement contracts. Perfecting the efficient supervision system of government procurement contract and realizing "openness, fairness and justice" of government procurement has become an urgent problem to be solved. China's government procurement started late, although it has formed a certain system structure, to standardize government procurement behavior, improve the use of government procurement funds. Safeguarding national interests and social public interests has played a very important role. But it is undeniable that its supervision mechanism has many problems in both legislation and practice, and the implementation effect is not satisfactory. The problem of government procurement corruption has been exposed frequently. This paper focuses on the main problems of the government procurement contract, such as imperfect legislation, inadequate supervision of the main body, unspecific supervision of contract performance and excessive concentration of power of the supervision and management department. And analyzed the causes of the problems, introduced the United States, South Korea and Singapore government procurement contract supervision mechanism and the experience of our country. The supervision of government procurement contract is a complex and important work, it is in the whole process of government procurement. Only further standardize procurement management and operation, strictly develop the procedures of government procurement. In order to establish the authority and good image of government procurement, this paper puts forward the legal system of government procurement contract supervision to strengthen the supervision of government procurement contract. The measures to perfect the supervision system of government procurement contract are to perfect the audit, registration and acceptance management of the performance of government procurement contract when the contract is fulfilled, and to expand the scope of supervision subject.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.2;D923.6

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