信息侵权行为制度初探

发布时间：2018-02-25 01:13

本文关键词： 信息虚假陈述侵权行为　出处：《华东政法大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：二十一世纪是科学技术高度发达、信息膨胀的世纪。信息化进程在带给我们物质发展、精神充实的同时，也带来了一系列的矛盾。诸如：信息自由权与信息安全的矛盾、信息保密与信息公开的矛盾、信息的社会共享与信息的个人利益的矛盾、信息的不均衡性等。这些矛盾的涌现，使得建立完善一项系统的信息法律体系成为必然。就民法而言，因信息提供不当引起的损害赔偿责任在合同法和侵权法领域均有涉及。在合同法领域，当事人的权益可以通过追究行为人的缔约过失责任或违约责任来实现。但是，在现实生活中，并不是所有的交易都是通过一纸契约来约束。因此，由于不存在合同相对性之类的限制，侵权法可以从责任范围和救济方式上更加周全地保护信息用户的合法权益。譬如我国台湾地区的《证券交易法》在修改时，就将信息披露义务的违反从契约责任修改为侵权责任。在我国，法律对信息侵权行为制度未有明确的一般规定。为了保护特定权利主体的民事权益，《证券法》、《反不正当竞争法》等单行法仅对信息侵权行为有一些特别规定。但是，由于信息的涉及面较广，不同类信息又各自具有其复杂性，信息的提供者和接受者之间也很少发生直接的合同关系，现有的法律并不能全面覆盖信息致害的方方面面。因此，为了保证市场经济的健康发展，维护社会主义法治的公平正义理念，笔者提出建立信息侵权行为这一制度，，即在市场经济中，信息提供人违反法定义务，提供了虚假、不完整、不适时或误导性的信息，使基于合理信赖的信息接受、使用者据此信息作出决策并遭受损失时，信息提供者所应承担的相应的侵权责任的一种侵权行为。通过明确规定信息侵权行为的构成要件、责任方式和责任范围，可以更好地保护市场经济条件下处于信息劣势地位的交易主体，克服信息不对称可能带来的不公平问题，以维护市场交易安全。
[Abstract]:21th century is a century in which science and technology are highly developed and information expands. The process of informatization brings us material development and spiritual enrichment, but also brings a series of contradictions, such as: the contradiction between the right to freedom of information and the security of information. The contradiction between information secrecy and information disclosure, the contradiction between information sharing and personal interests of information, the unbalance of information, etc. The emergence of these contradictions makes it necessary to establish and perfect a systematic information legal system. As far as civil law is concerned, liability for damages arising from improper provision of information is covered in the field of contract law and tort law. The rights and interests of the parties can be realized by investigating the perpetrator's liability for fault in contracting or breach of contract. However, in real life, not all transactions are restricted by a single contract. Since there are no restrictions such as the relativity of contracts, the tort law can more fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of information users in terms of the scope of liability and the way of relief. For example, when the Securities Exchange Law in the Taiwan region of China was amended, In our country, the breach of information disclosure obligation is modified from contractual liability to tort liability. In order to protect the civil rights and interests of specific subjects of rights and interests, the Securities Law, Anti-unfair Competition Law and other separate laws only have some special provisions on information infringement. However, in order to protect the civil rights and interests of specific rights subjects, the law has no clear general provisions on the system of information infringement. Because of the wide range of information, different types of information have their own complexity, information providers and recipients of information between the occurrence of a direct contract relationship, the existing laws can not cover all aspects of information harm. Therefore, in order to ensure the healthy development of the market economy and maintain the fair and just idea of socialist rule of law, the author puts forward the establishment of the system of information tort, that is, in the market economy, the information provider violates the legal obligation and provides false information. When incomplete, untimely, or misleading information is accepted on the basis of reasonable reliance on which the user makes a decision and suffers a loss, An infringement of the corresponding tort liability to be assumed by an information provider. By clearly defining the constitutive elements, the manner of liability and the scope of liability for an infringing act of information, It can better protect the trading subject in the inferior position of information under the condition of market economy, overcome the unfair problem that the information asymmetry may bring, in order to maintain the market transaction security.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923

【参考文献】