合同解除权行使行为研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 12:23

本文关键词： 合同解除权行使行为解除通知除斥期间限制　出处：《华东政法大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：合同解除权是权利主体在合同目的无法实现时逃脱合同束缚的一把钥匙，一经行使，，合同关系即告消灭。合同解除权行使行为是连接解除事由与解除效力的纽带，对整个合同解除制度有着至关重要的作用。发生解除事由后，权利主体只有按照合理的程序行使合同解除权，才能产生合同解除的效力，使合同关系归于消灭。合同解除权行使行为包含合同解除权由谁行使、如何行使以及何时行使等问题，为权利主体采用何种途径和方式行使合同解除权指明了方向。本文撇开对合同解除权基础理论的探讨，仅就合同解除权行使行为进行研究，以期对该课题涉及的相关问题有较为全面深入的了解。全文共分为以下五大部分：第一部分论述了合同解除权行使的主体，明确了合同解除权应由解除权人本人及本人授权、法律规定或法院指定的人行使，并经论述认为，违约方不应享有解除合同的权利。第二部分论述了合同解除权行使的客体，重点就继续性合同、已成立但未生效合同和单务合同能否成为合同解除权行使的客体进行了分析，并得出以上三种合同均可成为合同解除权行使客体的结论。第三部分系统研究了合同解除权行使的方式。首先对各国采用的三种合同解除权行使方式即裁判解除模式、通知解除模式和自动解除模式进行比较分析，确定我国在情势变更情形下采用的是裁判解除模式，而在其他情形下采用的是通知解除模式。随后论述了我国解除合同的通知形式，重点论证了解除权人未经通知程序可以直接通过诉讼或仲裁行使合同解除权，并对由此衍生的此时合同解除时间如何确定、公告送达能否视为合同解除通知以及裁判机关能否直接裁判解除合同等三个争议问题进行了分析。第四部分系统研究了合同解除权行使的期间。首先将合同解除权行使的期间划分为四种类型并认为其法律属性属除斥期间，然后对四种类型下除斥期间的起算点和期限进行全面分析。通过分析认为，我国《合同法》第94条第3项“当事人一方迟延履行主要债务，经催告后在合理期限内仍未履行”法定解除情形下的解除权行使期间的起算点为催告期限届满之日；法律没有规定或者当事人没有约定解除权行使期限时，相对人催告情况下的合理期限应允许当事人自行把握或法官自由裁量，无相对人催告情况下的解除权除斥期间应限定为一年。第五部分从学理角度论述了合同解除权行使的限制，得出合同解除权的行使不得附条件或附期限、不得撤销，放弃合同解除权后不得再次行使，有意致使相对人违约后不得行使合同解除权等结论。
[Abstract]:The right to terminate the contract is the subject of rights can not achieve the purpose of contract in the contract to escape a key bound, after exercise, contract relationship is therefore eliminated. The right to terminate the contract exercise behavior is connected to terminate and the effects of the link, plays an important role on the rescission of the contract. After the right to terminate. The subject only in accordance with reasonable procedures to exercise the right to terminate the contract, to produce the effect of termination of the contract, the contract relationship to destroy. The exercise behavior includes the right to rescind the contract who exercise the right to terminate the contract, how to exercise and when the problem is the subject of rights by which way to exercise the right to rescind the contract for the specified direction. Study on the basic theory of the right to rescind the contract, only on the right to terminate the contract exercise behaviors were studied, in order to related problems on this topic has a more comprehensive in-depth. The full text is divided into the following five parts:
The first part discusses the subject of the exercise of the right to rescind the contract. It is clear that the right to rescind the contract should be exercised by the person who released the right himself and authorized by the law, or the person appointed by the court. After discussion, it is considered that the breach party shall not enjoy the right to terminate the contract.
The second part discusses the object of the exercise of the right to terminate the contract, the focus will continue to contract, has been established but not yet effective contract and single service contract can become the object of the exercise of the right to terminate the contract are analyzed, and the above three kinds of contract can be exercised the right to terminate the contract on the object.
The third part of the contract to exercise the right to terminate the way. The first of the three countries used to exercise the right to terminate the contract or terminate the judgment mode, notify lift mode and automatic lifting mode for comparative analysis, determined that our country adopts in case of change of circumstances is lifted by the referee, in the other case is notified lift mode. Then discusses the form of notice of termination of the contract, focuses on the understanding of owner can directly through litigation or arbitration exercising the right to cancel the contract without notice procedures, and derived from the termination of the contract at this time how to determine the time, whether the notice served as a contract termination notice and the authorities can directly judge to terminate the contract three a controversial problem is analyzed.
During the fourth part of the system of the right to rescind the contract. The first exercise will exercise the right to terminate the contract period is divided into four types and that its legal attribute is the scheduled period, then the four types except the starting point of the period and the period of comprehensive analysis. Through the analysis, the ninety-fourth China Contract Law > > third "a party delayed performance of its main obligations, after being urged in a reasonable period of time has not fulfilled" the starting point of the legal case for exercising the right to terminate the exhortation during expiration date; the law does not stipulate or the parties have no definite solution about ex exercise period, the relative people urged a reasonable period of time the situation the parties should be allowed to hold or judge discretion, relative person, urge the case of rescission scheduled period should be limited to one year.
The fifth part discusses the limitation of the exercise of the right to rescind the contract from the academic point of view, and concludes that the exercise of the right to rescind the contract is not conditional or limited. It can not be revoked, and it can not be exercised again after the waiver of the right to rescind the contract, and the conclusion is that the relative parties may not exercise the right to cancel the contract after the breach of contract is made.

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.6

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