论合同法定解除权的行使制度

发布时间：2018-03-01 11:09

本文关键词： 合同解除法定解除权行使事由法律效果　出处：《华东政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：合同法定解除权的行使制度是现代民法的一项重要制度，，有着悠久的历史传统，最早可上溯到古罗马法。合同法定解除制度符合现代社会市场经济的发展规律，有利于维护市场经济秩序的稳定，有利于减少社会不稳定因素、构建社会主义和谐社会，并且为合同双方当事人维护自己的正当利益提供了一种有效的救济途径。但随着社会主义市场经济的发展，合同法定解除权行使制度也面临着许多理论和操作上的争议，尤其是对于合同法定解除后的法律效果，如合同解除后的溯及力问题、恢复原状请求权的性质以及损害赔偿的范围等，两大法系的立法以及理论学说在这些问题上存在许多分歧。我国现行的合同法是在合并吸收原有三个经济合同立法，并借鉴国外及国际立法的先进立法经验的基础上制定的。该合同法实现了交易规则的统一，并体现了与国外及国际立法的衔接，有利于维护以诚实信用为基石的现代市场经济体制。但结合我国现行合同法实施以后的多年司法实践经验来看，由于我国的合同法定解除权的行使制度没有能够很好地保证立法的连续性并解决与其他民商事立法的衔接问题，且忽视了法律移植的本土化工作，由此导致了我国合同法中合同法定解除权的行使制度在司法实践中缺少相应的可操作性。本文第一章是合同解除概述。首先笔者阐明了合同解除的概念、分析了合同解除的特征，并进一步说明不应当将协议解除纳入合同解除制度范畴的原因。其次，为了更加准确地理解合同解除的内涵，笔者比较了合同解除与合同终止、合同撤销等概念的区别。本文第二章介绍了合同法定解除权的行使事由。首先介绍了两大法系以及国际公约对合同法定解除权行使事由的规定。其次，以我国现行立法为基础，介绍了我国法律对于合同法定解除权行使事由的规定，并提出了完善的意见。本文第三章介绍合同法定解除权行使的法律效果。首先，笔者探讨了合同解除以后，是否具有溯及力的问题，在此基础上厘清了恢复原状义务与合同解除的溯及力的关系。其次，笔者界定了恢复原状请求权的法律属性，并认为恢复原状应使当事人之间的权利义务关系恢复到合同订立之前的状态。最后，笔者对合同解除与损害赔偿的关系进行了探讨，并界定了损害赔偿的性质以及损害赔偿的范围。
[Abstract]:The system of exercising the right of rescission is an important system in modern civil law, has a long history, the earliest can be traced back to the ancient Rome law. The contract legal relief system conforms to the development rule of market economy in the modern society, is conducive to maintaining the stability of the market economy, is conducive to the reduction of social instability, the construction of socialist a harmonious society, and provides an effective relief way for the parties to maintain their legitimate interests. But with the development of socialist market economy, to exercise the right to terminate the contract legal system also faces many theoretical and operational issues, especially regarding the legal effect after contract legal relief, such as after the termination of the contract retroactive the problem of restitution claim of the nature and the scope of damages, the two legal legislation and theories on these problems exist in many Disagreement.
Our current contract law is in the combined absorption of the original three economic contract legislation, setting basis and learn from foreign advanced experience in legislation and international legislation on the contract law. The realization of the unity of the trading rules, and reflects the connection with foreign and international legislation, is conducive to the maintenance of the modern market economy system with honesty credit is the cornerstone of. But with many years of experience in judicial practice after the implementation of the contract law of China, because of the lack of system of our country to exercise the right to terminate the contracts to ensure the continuity of legislation and solve the problem of convergence with other civil legislation, and ignored the localization of legal transplantation, resulting in the system shall exercise the contract in the contract law of our country legal right to terminate the corresponding lack of operability in judicial practice.
The first chapter is the overview of the termination of the contract. The author first introduces the concept of the termination of the contract, analyzes the characteristics of the termination of the contract, and further instructions should not be included in the category of reason to terminate the agreement rescission of contract. Secondly, in order to more accurately understand the connotation of the termination of the contract, the author compares the difference between contract rescission and termination of the contract, contract revocation the concept.
The second chapter introduces the reasons for exercising the right of rescission. First introduced the two law system and International Convention on the legal contract to exercise the right to terminate the subject. Secondly, based on our current legislation based on the laws and regulations of our country to exercise the right to terminate the contract legal reasons, and puts forward some suggestions for improving.
The third chapter introduces the legal effect of contract rescission right. First of all, the author discusses the termination of the contract, whether it has the retroactivity, on the basis of clarifying the relationship between restitution obligation and the retroactive termination of the contract. Secondly, the author defines the legal attribute of restitution claim, and that restitution the relationship between the rights and obligations between the parties back to the state before the contract is concluded. Finally, the author of the contract and compensation for damages of the relationship are discussed, and define the scope of compensation and the nature of damage.

【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923.6

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