侵权法上安全保障义务制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 13:37

本文选题：安全保障义务　切入点：合同附随义务　出处：《西南政法大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济社会的发展，在司法实践中违反安全保障义务侵权案件不断增多，我国立法中有关“安全保障义务”这一概念最早出现在最高人民法院2003年12月颁布施行的《最高人民法院关于审理人身损害赔偿案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第6条中，2009年12月人大常委会颁布施行的《中华人民共和国侵权责任法》第37条就违反该义务的侵权责任做出了相应规定。世界各国或地区的法律体系中，都存在类似的制度设计，，在对相关制度的比较研究基础上，本文对我国侵权法上的安全保障义务制度提出了一些改善建议。本文除引言之外，共分为四部分，第一部分研究了安全保障义务从合同法领域向侵权法领域的转变：随着合同责任的扩张，合同责任领域与侵权责任领域出现了融合；合同法上的安全保障义务是伴随着合同附随义务保护功能重要性的提升发展而来的，随着社会危险领域的增大以及危险程度的提升，为了更好地保护人们所享有的人身及财产等权益，安全保障义务不断地向侵权法领域转变；该部分最后对侵权法上安全保障义务理论的形成与发展进行了阐述，分析了刑法上过失理论、注意义务理论、不作为侵权责任等理论对其形成与发展的影响。第二部分析了安全保障义务的法理依据，侵权法通过过错侵权责任与无过错侵权责任实现了利益平衡的功能，协调了自由正义与法律秩序的价值目标，安全保障义务的创制正是为了更好地实现侵权法这一功能与价值目标，该部分接着阐述了安全保障义务的法理依据。第三部分从比较法的角度对侵权法上的安全保障义务制度进行了研究，对大陆法系和英美法系主要国家和地区的相关制度进行了探讨，最后在比较法研究的基础上阐述了侵权法上安全保障义务的含义及特征。第四部分对我国安全保障义务制度进行了探讨，分析了其发展历史及侵权责任的构成，并在上述理论研究的基础上对我国相关立法提出了完善建议。
[Abstract]:As China's economic and social development, in the judicial practice in violation of security obligation of tort cases increasing, the legislation of our country about the concept of "security obligations" first appeared in the Supreme People's Court promulgated in December 2003, the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues concerning the implementation of the "Application of law for the trial of personal injury compensation case explanation > sixth in the tort liability, tort liability law of < People's Republic of China > thirty-seventh of December 2009 NPC Standing Committee promulgated the breach of this duty to make corresponding provisions. The legal system of other countries and regions in the world, there are similar in system design, the related system on the basis of comparative study, this paper puts forward some improvement suggestions to our country safeguard obligation in tort law system.
In addition to the introduction this paper is divided into four parts, the first part of the study of security obligations from contract law to tort law: with the expansion of the field of contract liability, tort liability and contract liability appeared in the field of fusion; contract law on the obligation of security is accompanied by the contract along with the development of compulsory protection the function of importance, with the increase of social hazardous areas and enhance the degree of risk in order to better protect the people enjoy the personal and property rights, security obligations to the field of tort law; the last part expatiates on the safety guarantee of the formation and development of the obligation theory of tort law, analysis the theory of criminal negligence, the duty of care theory, the tort theory influence on the forming and development of it. The second part analyzes the legal obligation of security in accordance with the According to the tort law, the tort liability and no fault liability to achieve the balance of interests of the function and value goal of coordinated freedom and justice and legal order, security obligation is created in order to better achieve the function of tort law and the value goal, then this part describes the legal basis. The third part is the research on the safeguard obligation in tort law system from the perspective of comparative law, the related system of civil law and common law countries and regions are discussed. Finally, based on the study of comparative law on tort law describes the security obligations of the meaning and characteristics. The fourth part discusses the obligation of security, which analyzes the history and development of tort liability, and on the basis of the theoretical research on the relevant legislation in China put forward the improvement suggestions.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923

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