关于承租人优先购买权问题的探讨

发布时间：2018-03-02 21:16

本文选题：承租人优先购买权　切入点：权利滥用　出处：《复旦大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：优先购买权制度在民法体系中是一项固有制度,自拜占庭时期的罗马法既已有之。优先购买权包括公司股东的优先购买权、房屋承租人的优先购买权、共有人的优先购买权和知识产权法上的优先购买权等。本文讨论的是房屋承租人的优先购买权问题。中外学者关于承租人的优先购买权的探讨由来己久,对于承租人优先购买权制度是好是坏,当存当废,学界观点不一；对于优先购买权制度的存在应当更多的保护承租人的优先购买的权利,还是应当优先保护出租人对于房屋的所有权,学界的观点亦有分歧。我国的承租人优先购买权制度由来亦久,同时也经历了从初建到废旧立新的变革,目前我国的承租人优先购买权制度以合同法第230条为基础,以相关司法解释作具体规定为框架。制度虽日趋发展,但在实际适用中仍存在不少问题。因现有制度仍将在一定时间内存续,所以,只有对之进一步完善,才能使之发挥更积极的作用,促进市场的繁荣和稳定。笔者从实际案例的角度,对这项制度研究作出一些思考,并提出一些建议。本文共分为六章,作如下简介：第一章概述承租人优先购买权的含义,详细探讨其权属性质,并进而分析其存在的现实意义。弄清权利的性质有助于对制度设置及权利行使进行清晰的定位,通过对比不同国家和地区关于承租人优先购买权的规定,以及学者对承租人优先购买权的不同定性、归类,对我国承租人优先购买权作出明确界定。明确权利存在的意义则能帮助把握制度应当发挥的作用和发展的方向。第二章分解承租人优先购买权行使的各个条件。从房屋所有人的因素和承租人的因素两方面详细解剖权利正确行使的条件。第三章对境外承租人优先购买权进行了考察。笔者对承租人优先购买权在罗马法中的由来进行了纵向追溯,并对当代德国、瑞典及我国台湾地区的相关法律规定进行了横向对比。第四章详述了我国承租人优先购买权的情况。包括历史上不同朝代关于优先购买权的规定,以及建国后我国承租人优先购买权制度从最初建立到废旧立新的发展情况,详细探讨了变革的原因和必要,并进一步思考了我国承租人优先购买权在司法实践中遇到的权利滥用问题,配合案例进行了实证分析。第五章针对现有的承租人优先购买权制度中出现的可能引发歧义和规定不够明确的问题和不足提出了解决建议。
[Abstract]:The preemptive right system is an inherent system in the civil law system, which has existed since the Roman law of Byzantine period. The preemptive right includes the preemptive right of the shareholders of the company and the preemptive right of the house lessee. The preemptive right of the co-owner and the preemptive right in intellectual property law, etc. This paper discusses the preemptive right of the house lessee. The Chinese and foreign scholars have been discussing the preemptive right of the lessee for a long time. For the lessee's preemptive right system is good or bad, when the existence of the system should be more protection of the lessee's preemptive right. There are different views in academic circles on whether to protect the lessor's ownership of the house. The system of lessee's preemption right in our country has a long history, and has also experienced a change from the initial construction to the annulment of the old building. At present, the system of lessee's preemptive right in our country is based on Article 230 of the contract Law, with the specific provisions of relevant judicial interpretation as the frame. Although the system is developing day by day, However, there are still many problems in its practical application. Since the existing system will still exist for a certain period of time, only by further improving it can it play a more active role. To promote the prosperity and stability of the market. From the perspective of practical cases, the author makes some reflections on this system and puts forward some suggestions. This paper is divided into six chapters, as follows: the first chapter outlines the meaning of lessee's preemptive right. This paper probes into the property of the right in detail, and then analyzes the practical significance of its existence. Making clear the nature of the right is helpful to the clear orientation of the system setting and the exercise of the right, and by comparing the provisions of the lessee's preemptive right in different countries and regions, As well as scholars on the lessee priority right of different qualitative, classified, This paper defines the preemptive right of the lessee in our country, and the significance of the existence of the right can help us to grasp the function and the direction of development of the system. Chapter two decomposes the conditions of the exercise of the preemptive right of the lessee. From the factors of the owner of the house and the factors of the lessee, the author analyzes the conditions of the right to exercise the right in detail. Chapter three investigates the preemptive right of the overseas lessee. The author makes a study of the preemption right of the lessee in Roman law. The origin of the vertical tracing, The relevant laws and regulations of contemporary Germany, Sweden and Taiwan are compared horizontally. Chapter 4th details the situation of lessee's preemptive right in our country, including the stipulation about preemptive right in different dynasties in history. And after the founding of the people's Republic of China, the system of lessee's preemptive right has been established from the beginning to the old one. The reasons and necessity of the change have been discussed in detail. And further thinking about the problem of the abuse of the right of preemption in the judicial practice of the lessee in our country. Chapter 5th puts forward some suggestions to solve the problems which may lead to ambiguity and lack of clarity in the existing system of lessee's preemptive right.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.6

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