情势变更制度比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 03:40

本文选题：情势变更 + 交易基础理论　；参考：《大连海事大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：情势变更制度作为“契约必守”(Pacta Sunt Servanda)原则的例外制度,在各个国家的经济生活中起到了保障交易公平安全,维护契约意思自由的重要作用。情势变更原则起源于12、13世纪注释法学派的《优帝法学阶梯注释》。随后经过几百年的实践和演变,出现了两种最有代表性的交易基础理论和契约受挫理论。由于该制度的优越性国际统一商事相关的公约和规则也吸取了情势变更制度。我国虽在《合同法》修订过程中就情势变更制度几度修改,但最后还是没有采纳。终于,在2009年最高院颁布的《中华人民共和国合同法若干问题的解释(二)》第26条规定将情势变更制度正式确立,从此我国理论界及司法实践对于情势变更的适用再不是无源之水无本之木。然而在欣喜之余我们也必须意识到面对越来越纷繁芜杂的经济问题越来越变化莫测的情势变更,我国的情势变更制度存在着不足。尤其在2003年到2013年十年内先后的购房限购令出台后涌现的各式各样的纠纷让法官无所适从。笔者试图通过比较分析的方法,通过对德国交易基础理论和英美法契约受挫制度及国际统一法相关规定的深入研究和比较,总结出适用于我国国情的优势理论及制度。本文一共四部分,前三部分着重阐述交易基础理论、契约受挫制度及国际统一事领域川关规定和运用比较方法分析各种情势变更制度及规则的利弊,求得与我国目前情况的契合；最后一部分全面分析了我国目前情势变更制度的立法情况及司法实践情况,通过引用案例指出了现在我国亟需解决的问题。最后上述的综合分析和比较,笔者提出了从情势变更制度的适用条件、法律后果及适用程序方面的完善意见。
[Abstract]:As an exception to the principle of pacta Sunt servlet and a), the system of situation change plays an important role in ensuring the fair and secure transaction and safeguarding the freedom of contract meaning in the economic life of every country.The principle of change of circumstances originates from the annotated School of Annotation in the 13 th century.After several hundred years of practice and evolution, two representative basic theories of transaction and contract frustration emerged.Because of the superiority of this system, the international uniform commercial conventions and rules also absorb the regime of change of circumstances.In the course of the revision of contract Law, China changed the system of situation several times, but it was not adopted in the end.Finally, article 26 of the interpretation of certain issues concerning the contract Law of the people's Republic of China promulgated by the Supreme Court in 2009 provided for the formal establishment of the regime of change of circumstances.From then on, the application of situation change in theory and judicial practice in our country is no longer without source water.However, we must also realize that in the face of more and more complicated economic problems, the situation change is becoming more and more unpredictable, and the system of situation change in our country has some shortcomings.In particular, the various disputes that sprung up after the purchase restrictions of 2003 to 2013 left judges at a loss.The author tries to sum up the advantage theory and system applicable to the national conditions of our country through the deep research and comparison of the German basic theory of transaction, the frustration system of the contract between the common law and the common law and the relevant provisions of the international uniform law through the method of comparative analysis.There are four parts in this paper. The first three parts focus on the basic theory of transaction, the system of contract frustration and the regulations of international unification, and use comparative methods to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various systems and rules of situation change.In the last part, the author analyzes the legislative situation and judicial practice of China's current situation change system, and points out the problems that need to be solved by citing cases.Finally, through the comprehensive analysis and comparison mentioned above, the author puts forward some suggestions on the application conditions, the legal consequences and the applicable procedure of the change of circumstances system.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.6

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