保险合同之先合同义务研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 11:59

本文选题：保险合同 + 先合同义务　；参考：《华东政法大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：保险在经济社会发展中发挥着巨大的作用。为保障双方当事人利益，促进保险行业健康发展，，法律对保险的规制应从缔约阶段开始着手。基于保险合同的附和性，合同双方当事人信息不对称、利益冲突等特殊性，保险合同的先合同义务具有特殊的内容与履行规则。本文讨论保险合同之先合同义务，具体分四个章节展开论述。第一章概述了先合同义务的特征与内容，通过对保险合同的特殊性分析，概括了保险合同之先合同义务的内容，包括告知义务、说明义务、保密义务及协助义务。其中告知义务与说明义务是本文讨论的重点，保密义务与协助义务可以依合同法规则履行。第二章主要介绍告知义务。告知义务人应包括投保人与被保险人，告知的范围是将影响保险人风险评估的重要事项。违反告知义务的要件包括了客观要件、主观要件，而是否采因果关系应当从平衡投保人与保险人利益的角度进行考虑。违反告知义务的法律后果为保险人享有解除权。第三章介绍保险人的提示及说明义务。基于保险合同的特殊性，保险人对保险格式条款的说明义务不能适用合同法对格式条款的一般规定。我国《保险法》区分了对一般保险格式条款的说明义务以及对免除责任条款的提示与明确说明义务。对一般格式条款的说明义务重点在于对格式条款的整体说明；对免除责任条款的提示义务可以以字体、字号等特殊标识履行，明确说明义务要达到使具有普通智力水平的理性外行人能够清楚了解条款内容的程度。第四章对我国现行《保险法》关于先合同义务的规定进行解释，结合最高人民法院2012年3月公布的《关于适用中华人民共和国保险法若干问题的解释(二)征求意见稿》，对投保人的告知义务、保险人的提示与说明义务分别提出完善意见。
[Abstract]:Insurance plays a great role in economic and social development. In order to protect the interests of both parties and promote the healthy development of insurance industry, the legal regulation of insurance should start from the contracting stage. Based on the particularity of the concurrence of the insurance contract, the asymmetry of information between the parties to the contract and the conflict of interest, the pre-contract obligation of the insurance contract has special contents and performance rules. This paper discusses the pre-contract obligation of insurance contract, which is divided into four chapters. The first chapter summarizes the characteristics and contents of the pre-contract obligation. By analyzing the particularity of the insurance contract, it generalizes the content of the pre-contract obligation of insurance contract, including the obligation to inform, the obligation to explain, the obligation to keep secret and the obligation to assist. The obligation to inform and explain is the focus of this paper, and the obligation of confidentiality and assistance can be carried out in accordance with the contract law. The second chapter mainly introduces the obligation of informing. The notifying obligor should include the insured and the insured, and the scope of notification is an important matter that will affect the risk assessment of the insurer. The elements of breach of the obligation of notification include objective elements and subjective elements, and whether to adopt causality should be considered from the angle of balancing the interests of the policyholder and the insurer. The legal consequences of breach of the obligation of notification shall be the right of rescission of the insurer. The third chapter introduces the Insurers'obligation of presentation and explanation. Based on the particularity of the insurance contract, the insurer's obligation to explain the insurance form clause cannot be applied to the general regulation of the form clause in the contract law. The Insurance Law of our country distinguishes between the obligation to explain the general insurance form clause and the obligation to indicate the clause of exemption from liability. The obligation to explain the general form clause focuses on the overall description of the form clause; the obligation to indicate the exemption clause can be performed with special marks such as font, font size, etc. The explicit obligation is to the extent that the rational layman with ordinary intelligence can clearly understand the content of the clause. The fourth chapter explains the provisions of the current Insurance Law on the obligation of prior contract. Combined with the interpretation of some issues concerning the Application of the Insurance Law of the people's Republic of China (2), published by the Supreme people's Court in March 2012, the author puts forward the perfect opinions on the obligation of informing the policy holder and the obligation of prompt and explanation of the insurer respectively.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.284;D923.6

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