我国情势变更制度完善研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 01:03

本文选题：情势 + 变更　；参考：《安徽大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：情势变更是指合同成立的客观基础发生了合同成立当初无法预知的情形,使得合同继续履行会侵害一方当事人的利益,则允许合同另一方当事人变更或者解除合同。情势变更原则是现代合同法中的一项基本制度,许多国家已经成熟地适用该原则。情势变更原则在我国的司法实务中早已广泛适用,而直至2009年,最高人民法院出台了《关于适用中华人民共和国合同法若干问题的解释(二)》,情势变更原则才以司法解释的形式被正式确认。我国《合同法》在起草过程中曾规定了情势变更原则,但因为当时无论在理论认识还是在具体操作中存在众多分歧,难以达成统一意见,最后在正式通过的《合同法》没有予以规定,成为我国民事立法上的一大憾事。近些年,一些重大突发事件的出现,如“非典”来袭、2008年全球性的金融危机及“5.12”汶川大地震,再次引起学界及立法对情势变更制度的密切关注。我国《合同法司法解释二》的规定,解决了法律的空白。但是,对该规定在制度安排上仍有待完善,如何判断情势是否构成,何为重大变更,以及如何具体适用,这些问题都值得我们深入研究。本文对情势变更原则的具体问题做了详细的梭理,对大陆、英美两大法系的相关立法进行了深入研究,在结合我国的立法现状及问题的基础上,意图借鉴国外的成熟的理论成果和先进的实践经验,提出完善我国情势变更原则的具体想法和建言。文章第一部分：把研究的对象进行了整理,情势变更原则的概念,主要理论和学说；第二部分：通过考察大陆、英美两大法系的立法法状况,分析国外立法的原因及特色,目的是为下一步在我国对于情势变更立法时,提供某些方面帮助；第三部分：分析了我国立法及司法现状；第四部分：笔者根据我国立法的现状,提出了完善的措施。笔者旨在正确认识情势变更原则立法必要性的前提下,充分借鉴大陆法系和英美法系关于情势变更原则的研究成果和立法经验,广泛吸收学者先进的立法建议,为在民法典中明确情势变更原则提供立法对策。望可以加大情势变更原则在司法实务中的运用,更好的为建设有中国特色的社会主义市场经济提供法律保障。
[Abstract]:Situation change refers to the objective basis of contract formation, which is unpredictable at the beginning of contract formation, which makes the contract continue to perform will infringe on the interests of one party, then allow the other party to change or rescind the contract. The principle of change of circumstances is a basic system in modern contract law, which has been applied maturely in many countries. The principle of change of circumstances has long been widely applied in the judicial practice of our country, and until 2009, The Supreme people's Court issued the interpretation of some issues concerning the Application of contract Law of the people's Republic of China (2). The principle of change of circumstances was formally confirmed only in the form of judicial interpretation. During the drafting process of the contract Law of China, the principle of change of circumstances was stipulated, but it was difficult to reach a unified opinion because there were many differences in both the theoretical understanding and the concrete operation at that time. In the end, the contract Law, which was passed, is not stipulated, which is a great pity in the civil legislation of our country. In recent years, the emergence of some major emergencies, such as the "SARS" attack, the 2008 global financial crisis and the "5.12" Wenchuan earthquake, once again aroused the academic and legislative attention to the situation change system. The provisions of the Judicial interpretation of contract Law in our country have solved the blank of the law. However, the system arrangement of this regulation is still to be perfected, how to judge whether the situation is constituted, what is the major change, and how to apply, these problems are worthy of our in-depth study. This paper makes a detailed study on the specific issues of the principle of change of circumstances, and makes a thorough study of the relevant legislation of the mainland and the two major legal systems of the United States and the United States. On the basis of the current legislative situation and problems in our country, This paper intends to draw lessons from the mature theoretical achievements and advanced practical experiences of foreign countries and put forward concrete ideas and suggestions to perfect the principle of situation change in China. The first part of the article: the object of the study, the concept of the principle of change of circumstances, the main theories and doctrines; the second part: through the investigation of the two major legal systems of the mainland, the United States and the United States to analyze the reasons and characteristics of foreign legislation, The purpose is to provide some help for the next step in the legislation of situation change; the third part: the analysis of our legislation and judicial status; the fourth part: according to the current situation of our legislation, the author puts forward some perfect measures. On the premise of correctly understanding the necessity of legislation on the principle of change of circumstances, the author fully draws lessons from the research results and legislative experience of civil law system and common law system on the principle of change of circumstances, and extensively absorbs the advanced legislative suggestions of scholars. To provide legislative countermeasures for clarifying the principle of change of circumstances in the Civil Code. It is hoped that the application of the principle of situation change in judicial practice can be increased, and the legal guarantee for the construction of socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics can be better provided.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.6

【参考文献】