版权技术保护措施例外制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 02:20

本文选题：技术保护措施 + 例外　；参考：《湘潭大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：数字环境下技术保护措施成为著作权保护机制中的一个重要议题，，内容专有领域和公有领域的应然划分因技术措施的采用而受到一定影响，将技术保护措施纳入著作权法保护范围，对诸如合理使用等代表公共利益的制度产生的影响日益深远，需要结合产业发展等实际需要，通过完善例外制度，来促进技术措施及其法律保护机制正效应的最大化发挥。数字环境下原有的版权利益平衡格局被打破，技术保护措施这一私力救济手段的兴起在一定程度上缓和了版权人与使用人之间的利益冲突，但是在将技术保护措施纳入法律保护范围后，权利边界的不确定性，以及“技术+法律+合同”这一商业模式在很大程度上限制了使用者自由借鉴他人智力成果等原本符合合理使用制度宗旨的使用行为，并对著作权法客体范围和保护期限等制度的功效产生消极影响，由此需要完善技术保护措施例外制度，以应对技术变革带来的系列挑战。技术保护措施是一种不同于著作权及相关权但又与之紧密结合的特殊制度，受到著作权法的保护，相对应地，技术措施法律保护也应纳入著作权限制制度的约束范围，在制度完善中要注重公平和效率原则的指引作用。基于数字环境的特殊性，技术保护措施例外制度的影响因素应有不同于传统环境下的新基准，需要以利益平衡原则、风险-效率原则和系统协调原则为评判标准或准则，确保新的例外情形能融入已有的制度体系。互联网条约、欧盟版权指令以及美国、澳大利亚、日本等国家或者地区的立法都将技术保护措施纳入保护范围，但对技术保护措施的界定、是否规制与技术保护措施相关的“直接侵权行为”或者“间接侵权行为”或者对二者同时进行规制存在不同程度的差异。美国DMCA中的更新机制，澳大利亚著作权法中协调著作权法和合同法之间的关系以及在私人使用方面的特殊规定，日本著作权法和反不正当竞争法双重保护等都为我国技术保护措施例外制度的完善提供了有益的启迪。我国现行关于版权技术保护措施及例外方面的立法在逻辑和体系层级上存在较大的问题，对技术保护措施的界定、范围等的规定都不甚明晰，缺乏灵活的机制应对技术变革的冲击及公众的迫切需求，也没有针对著作权人滥用技术保护措施的行为安排规制机制。结合云计算技术及应用之兴起对权利流转和利益配置的影响，需进行综合考量和前瞻性立法，从开放运动、著作权集体管理组织等制度的意义及现实功能之局限性，有必要保留技术措施法律保护，并引入更新机制和规制机制，在促进“产业发展”和“科技创新”的同时，有效保障公共利益，更好地实现著作权法的终极目标。
[Abstract]:In the digital environment, technology protection measures have become an important topic in copyright protection mechanism. Due to the adoption of technical measures, the proper division between the proprietary and public domain of content has been affected to a certain extent. Bringing technology protection measures into the protection scope of copyright law has an increasingly far-reaching impact on systems representing public interests, such as rational use. It is necessary to improve the exceptional system in the light of practical needs such as industrial development. To promote the technical measures and legal protection mechanism to maximize the positive effects. In the digital environment, the original balance of copyright interests has been broken, and the rise of technical protection measures, as a private relief means, to some extent alleviates the conflict of interests between copyright owners and users. But after bringing technical protection measures into the scope of legal protection, there is uncertainty about the boundaries of rights, And the "technical legal contract", to a large extent, limits the users' freedom to use for reference other people's intellectual achievements, which were originally in line with the purpose of the rational use system. It also has a negative impact on the effectiveness of the object scope and the duration of protection of copyright law. Therefore, it is necessary to perfect the exceptional system of technical protection measures in order to meet the series of challenges brought by the technological change. The technical protection measure is a special system which is different from the copyright and related rights but closely combined with it. It is protected by the copyright law. Correspondingly, the legal protection of the technical measures should also be brought into the restriction scope of the copyright restriction system. Attention should be paid to the guiding role of the principles of fairness and efficiency in the perfection of the system. Based on the particularity of digital environment, the influencing factors of the exception system of technological protection measures should be different from the new benchmark under the traditional environment. The principle of balance of interests, the principle of risk-efficiency and the principle of system coordination should be taken as the criterion or criterion. Ensure that new exceptions are incorporated into the existing system. Internet treaties, EU copyright directives and the legislation of the United States, Australia, Japan, and other countries or regions all bring technology protection measures into the scope of protection, but define technology protection measures. Whether to regulate the "direct tort" or "indirect tort" related to the technical protection measures or to regulate the two acts at the same time has different degrees. The updating mechanism in the DMCA of the United States, the coordination of the relationship between copyright law and contract law in Australian copyright law and the special provisions on private use, The double protection of Japanese copyright law and anti-unfair competition law has provided beneficial enlightenment for the perfection of the exceptional system of technical protection measures in China. The current legislation on copyright technical protection measures and exceptions in our country has great problems at the level of logic and system, and the definition and scope of technical protection measures are not very clear. There is no flexible mechanism to deal with the impact of the technological change and the urgent needs of the public, and there is no mechanism to regulate the behavior of the copyright owners to abuse the technical protection measures. Combined with the impact of cloud computing technology and application on the rights flow and benefit allocation, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive consideration and forward-looking legislation, from the open movement, copyright collective management organization and other systems of significance and limitations of practical functions, It is necessary to retain the legal protection of technical measures, and introduce the renewal mechanism and regulation mechanism to promote "industrial development" and "scientific and technological innovation", at the same time, effectively protect public interests and better realize the ultimate goal of copyright law.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923.4

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