买卖合同中风险转移问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-30 08:43

本文选题：买卖合同 + 风险转移　；参考：《华东政法大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：买卖合同，是最常见的民商事法律关系之一，与整个日常生活、商事活动及国际贸易息息相关。在买卖合同中，货物发生毁损、灭失的风险如何划分、有谁承担，关系到双方当事人的切身利益。因此，风险转移规则，成了买卖合同一个核心的问题。各国法律、国际公约以及国际贸易惯例都极其重视风险转移的规定，然而由于在风险转移的理论上始终存在争论，导致了各国相关立法也存在重大差异。我国的《中华人民共和国合同法》（以下简称《合同法》）在吸收先进法律制度的基础上，对买卖合同中风险转移作了较为详尽的规定，但是还远没有实现对风险转移问题调整规范的系统化，尚有许多空白。因此，对买卖合同中风险转移问题进行全面和深入地研究，不仅具有重要的理论价值，更具有深远的现实意义。本文从货物、风险和风险转移的法律界定入手，归纳了各国理论学说及立法现状，结合我国《合同法》及《最高人民法院关于审理买卖合同纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》的规定，分析了我国司法实务中所面临的问题，以期能对我国法律中风险转移条款的完善提供一点建议。本文第一章通过对不同学说及法律规定的收集、归纳，着重论述了货物、风险及风险转移的概念，并且通过比较，梳理了风险转移制度、合同责任制度、所有权制度之间的区别。本文第二章阐述了风险转移制度所采用的三大原则——合同成立主义、货物所有权主义、货物交付主义，详细介绍这三种原则的起源、法理基础及相关法律规定。本文第三章着重介绍、比较了国际条约及我国国内立法，，分析了正常情形、违约情形、特殊情形下《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》及《合同法》对风险转移问题的规定，。本文第四章以司法实务为切入点，对司法实务中风险转移制度存在疑难问题进行了剖析，并且结合司法实践，提出了对我国风险转移制度的建议。
[Abstract]:The sale contract is one of the most common legal relations of civil and commercial affairs. It is closely related to the whole daily life, business activities and international trade. In the sale contract, the risk of the goods is destroyed and the risk of loss is divided, which is responsible for the vital interests of the parties. Question.
The laws of all countries, international conventions and international trade practices attach great importance to the regulation of risk transfer. However, there are still disputes in the theory of risk transfer, which lead to significant differences in relevant legislation in various countries. The People's Republic of China contract law of China (hereinafter referred to as < contract law >) is based on the absorption of the advanced legal system, The risk transfer in the sale contract is more detailed, but there are still many gaps in the systematization of the regulation of the risk transfer. Therefore, a thorough and thorough study of the risk transfer in the sale contract has not only an important theoretical value but also a far-reaching practical significance.
This article, starting with the legal definition of goods, risk and risk transfer, summarizes the theory and the status of legislation in various countries, and analyzes the problems faced by China's judicial practice in combination with the provisions of the interpretation of the "contract law" and "the interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on the application of legal problems in the case of dealing with the sale of contract disputes", in order to be able to be able to be in the law of our country. The improvement of the risk transfer clause provides some advice.
The first chapter, through the collection and induction of different doctrines and legal provisions, focuses on the concept of the transfer of goods, risks and risks, and through comparison, the system of risk transfer, the system of contract responsibility, and the difference between the ownership system are combed.
The second chapter of this paper expounds the three principles adopted in the system of risk transfer, namely, the doctrine of contract establishment, the doctrine of cargo ownership, and the delivery of goods, in which the origin of the three principles, the legal basis and the relevant legal provisions are described in detail.
The third chapter of this article focuses on the comparison of international treaties and domestic legislation, and analyses the normal situation, the situation of breach of contract, the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the contract for the international sale of goods and the contract law on the transfer of risk under special circumstances.
The fourth chapter of this article, taking the judicial practice as the breakthrough point, analyzes the difficult problems in the system of risk transfer in judicial practice, and puts forward some suggestions on the system of risk transfer in our country with the practice of judicature.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.6

【参考文献】