民间借贷的法律适用研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 14:38

本文选题：民间借贷 + 法律适用　；参考：《郑州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化的大趋势和金融市场化改革,我国中小微型企业日益增多,愈来愈复杂的金融产品和金融借贷市场改革,企业融资和民间个人借贷问题在实务中纠纷一直不断。在此之前,我国对民间借贷的监管措施一直较为单一,虽然民间借贷作为企业或个人最为重要的融资手段之一,但是由于其不在严格的金融机构的管控之下,企业之间的订立的借贷合同一直处于法律管制的边缘,没有合适的立法保护,且司法倾向于压制态度。加之借贷市场混乱,自然人借贷之间如利息、合同效力或一方为自然人的借贷合同之间法律并无明确规定,这也意味着存在诸多法律漏洞,无法规范借贷行为的后果,使自然人或企业难以正当投资,自然人之间因借贷问题矛盾重重,民间借贷的司法救济相对薄弱,对民间借贷适用法律的问题亟待明确规范。二零一五年九月一日,我国实施《最高人民法院关于审理民间借贷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》(以下简称《规定》),该规定首次尝试性的规定了“高利贷”的确定范围,首次有条件地将企业或其它组织之间的融资借贷也纳入了民间借贷的法律调整范围,是对1991年的《借贷案件意见》整体的补充,也在市场利率化、互联网经济发展的前提下,明晰了P2P网贷借贷关系中借贷平台的责任。随着《规定》的实施,如何结合原有的《借贷案件意见》《合同法》以及诸多的地方性政策文件等的理解适用民间借贷的诸多问题,将对解决民间借贷纠纷实际问题,缓解借贷市场矛盾至关重要。本文主要讨论的是民间借贷适用法律若干问题,根据最新民间借贷司法解释的出台,以综合分析的方法概括地比较了法律法规对民间借贷诸多问题上的分歧意见和最终的司法态度,总结出在民间借贷合同效力认定、企业之间民间借贷的特殊问题以及存在较大争议的民间借贷利率问题上我们应采取怎样的裁判标准和具体案件中的实施运用。对这些问题的具体认定,有利于缓解借贷主体的矛盾,进一步规范我国民间借贷市场。
[Abstract]:With the trend of economic globalization and the reform of financial marketization, the number of small and medium enterprises in China is increasing day by day, and the reform of financial products and financial lending market is becoming more and more complicated. The problems of enterprise financing and private personal lending have been in constant dispute in practice. Prior to this, our country has a relatively simple regulatory measures on private lending. Although private lending is one of the most important financing means of enterprises or individuals, it is not under strict control of financial institutions. The loan contract between enterprises has always been on the edge of the legal control, without appropriate legislative protection, and the judiciary tends to suppress the attitude. In addition to the confusion in the lending market, there is no clear stipulation between the laws between natural person loans such as interest, the validity of contracts or the loan contracts where one party is a natural person. This also means that there are many legal loopholes that cannot regulate the consequences of lending behavior. It makes it difficult for natural persons or enterprises to invest properly, and there are many contradictions between natural persons because of the problems of borrowing and borrowing, and the judicial relief of folk loans is relatively weak. The problem of applying law to folk lending needs to be clearly regulated. On September 1, 2015, China implemented the provisions of the Supreme people's Court on some issues concerning the application of law to private lending cases (hereinafter referred to as "regulations"), which for the first time set out the scope of "usury". For the first time, financing and lending between enterprises or other organizations has been brought into the scope of legal adjustment of private lending for the first time. It is a supplement to the "opinions on loan cases" in 1991, and also under the premise of market interest rates and the development of the Internet economy. It clarifies the responsibility of the loan platform in the loan-loan relationship of P2P network. With the implementation of "regulations", how to understand and apply the problems of folk lending in combination with the original "opinions on loan cases" and "contract Law" and many local policy documents will solve the practical problems of private lending disputes. Easing lending market tensions is crucial. This paper mainly discusses some problems of the applicable law of private lending, according to the introduction of the latest judicial interpretation of private lending, By means of comprehensive analysis, the author compares the different opinions and the final judicial attitude of the laws and regulations on many issues of folk lending, and concludes that the validity of the folk loan contract is determined. The special problems of private lending between enterprises and the controversial issue of private lending interest rate should be adopted what kind of adjudication standards and specific cases in the implementation of the application. The concrete determination of these problems will help to alleviate the contradiction of the main body of the loan and further standardize the private lending market in our country.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.282

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