违约责任中“三金”的适用关系研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 11:37

本文选题：违约责任 + 损害赔偿　；参考：《郑州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：违约责任作为传统合同法中一个至关重要的问题,一直受到学术界的普遍关注。而其中的违约金、违约损害赔偿金及定金(以下简称“三金”)作为我国违约责任的三种金钱赔偿形式更是在各国交易实践中都得到了非常广泛运用。但是,事实上在很长一段时间中我国对这三者的适用关系问题都缺乏细致而深入的研究,使得三者的关系较为模糊甚至在适用中存在某些错误观点,各法官在处理具体各案件中对“三金”的适用关系处理的也往往较为混乱。故本文拟从实践中违约责任中“三金”适用关系的具体案例入手引出问题,之后通过介绍违约责任中金钱赔偿的主要形式并将三者与实际履行相比较进行利弊分析,从而导出对“三金”各自性质的理解、“三金”关系的比较适用等,并试图廓清在违约责任中“三金”的适用关系的一些不实与混乱之处,以期最终能够建立一个较为清晰、完善的“三金”适用关系体系,解决实践问题。全文共分五个部分：第一部分介绍了司法实践中关于违约责任“三金”适用的两个具体案例,通过对两案例问题的归纳,引出违约金、损害赔偿金和定金三者各自及相互间适用关系存在的问题；第二部分介绍违约责任中金钱赔偿的主要形式,分别对违约损害赔偿金、违约金以及定金的主要内容进行阐述,并在最后结合实际履行,引入相关理论对金钱赔偿和实际履行的关系进行整理并进行价值上的分析比较；第三部分则是对违约金、定金和损害赔偿金的性质的界定分析,主要对各自的补偿性和惩罚性进行比较阐述；第四部分论述了“三金”之间的适用关系,通过对我国的立法进行研究,并结合司法实践,使得“三金”相互间是否能同时适用的问题更加明晰；第五部分对文章第一部分所列举的,我国司法实践中关于“三金”适用关系的相关案例进行法理分析,并根据本文所述观点得出结论。
[Abstract]:Liability for breach of contract, as a crucial issue in traditional contract law, has been widely concerned by academic circles. The liquidated damages, damages for breach of contract and deposit (hereinafter referred to as "three gold"), as the three forms of monetary compensation for breach of contract liability in China, have been widely used in the practice of trading in various countries. However, in fact, for a long time in our country, there is a lack of detailed and in-depth research on the relationship between these three, which makes the relationship between the three more fuzzy and even some wrong views in the application. In dealing with specific cases, judges tend to deal with the relationship between the "three gold" and confusion. Therefore, this article intends to draw the question from the concrete case of the "three gold" applicable relation in the practice of breach of contract liability, then through introducing the main forms of the monetary compensation in the breach of contract liability, and comparing the three with the actual performance to carry on the advantage and disadvantage analysis. Thus, the understanding of the respective nature of "three gold" and the comparative applicability of "three gold" relations are derived, and some false and confusing points in the applicable relationship of "three gold" in the liability for breach of contract are tried to be clarified, in order to establish a clearer relationship finally. Perfect "three gold" applicable relationship system to solve practical problems. The paper is divided into five parts: the first part introduces two specific cases of the application of the "three gold" in the judicial practice of breach of contract liability, through the induction of the two cases, leads to the penalty for breach of contract. The second part introduces the main forms of pecuniary compensation in the liability for breach of contract, and expounds the main contents of the damages for breach of contract, liquidated damages, liquidated damages and deposit, respectively. And in the end, combining with actual performance, the author introduces relevant theories to sort out the relationship between monetary compensation and actual performance and to analyze and compare the value. The third part is the definition and analysis of the nature of liquidated damages, down payments and damages. The fourth part discusses the applicable relationship between the "three gold", through the study of the legislation of our country, and the combination of judicial practice, Make the "three gold" can be applied to each other more clearly; the fifth part of the article listed in the first part of the judicial practice of our country on the "three gold" application of the relevant cases of legal analysis, And draw a conclusion according to the point of view mentioned in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.6

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