合同变更法律问题的探析

发布时间：2018-07-17 15:19

【摘要】：由于社会上各种各样的活动大都是通过合同制度来运营，或者可以用合同制度加以理解，因而又有人说这是合同时代的到来。1我国现行合同法于1999年伴随着1998年亚洲金融危机而颁布施行，至今十年有余。时至2012年，新的一轮全球金融危机也已经进入调整恢复期。合同作为金融活动的重要形式和组成部分，在经济发展中起到重要作用，尤其是在经济环境相对不稳定的时期，合同对于保护和制约合同主体可以说是至关重要的。因为合同中所承载的合同主体的权利、义务对相应的责任承担有明确的指向作用。然而，从我国1999年颁布的《合同法》体系来看，分则只规定了15种有名合同，也就是说，只有15种合同在细节上可以参考《合同法》的规定来确定。随着经济、商业活动的日益活跃，合同的形式和内容要靠这15种有名合同来约束是远远不能满足需求的。于是乎，需要更多地根据《合同法》的总则以及民法的基本原理来判断合同关系。这就需要对合同的本质和形式有更为准确的分析和认识，才能在合同活动中找到合法的依据，使得合同活动能够更好的起到其应有的规范、约束作用。我国《合同法》第85条规定“合同是当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事关系的协议”。虽然合同的变更在我国《合同法》体系中并不是一个浓墨重彩的组成部分，但是在实践中往往不可避免。而且，合同变更的效力会直接导致合同主体权利、义务关系的直接变化，，可谓是赋予合同第二次生命的法律活动。因此，合同变更应在合同法体系中占得比较重要的一席。那么，在合同变更问题中，哪些概念容易被混淆？合同成立的形式与实质与合同的变更所需要的形式和实质又有着怎样的联系？均是研究合同变更问题的重要内容。本文中，笔者将从合同的变更为着眼点，从合同变更的类型、合同变更的形式要件、合同变更的实质要件入手，并简要分析合同变更与物权变动的关系来对合同变更做一个较为全面、深入的探讨和分析。以期将合同变更与合同更新、债的更新等相似概念予以辨析。为更好地用《合同法》总则及相关民法原理来分析合同变更问题提供一种分析思路。
[Abstract]:Because most of the various activities in society are operated through the contract system, or can be understood by the contract system, Therefore, some people say that this is the arrival of the contract era in 1999 with the Asian financial crisis in 1998 and promulgated in 1999, it has been more than ten years. In 2012, a new round of global financial crisis has also entered an adjustment recovery period. As an important form and component of financial activities, contract plays an important role in economic development, especially in the period of relatively unstable economic environment. Because of the rights of the contract subject, the obligation has a clear direction to the corresponding responsibility. However, from the point of view of the system of contract Law promulgated in 1999, only 15 kinds of famous contracts are stipulated, that is, only 15 kinds of contracts can be determined by referring to the provisions of contract Law in detail. With the development of economy and commercial activities, the form and content of contracts are far from satisfying the demand. Therefore, it is necessary to judge the contract relationship according to the general principles of contract law and the basic principles of civil law. This requires a more accurate analysis and understanding of the nature and form of the contract, in order to find a legal basis in the contract activities, so that the contract activities can better play its due normative, binding role. Article 85 of contract Law stipulates that "contract is an agreement between the parties to establish, modify and terminate civil relations." Although the change of contract is not an important part in the system of contract Law of our country, it is inevitable in practice. Moreover, the effect of contract change will lead to the direct change of the contract subject's rights and obligations, and it can be described as the legal activity that gives the contract the second life. Therefore, the contract modification should occupy a more important seat in the contract law system. So, in the question of contract change, which concepts are liable to be confused? What is the connection between the form and substance of contract formation and the form and substance required by the change of contract? It is an important content to study the issue of contract modification. In this paper, the author will start with the change of contract, the type of contract change, the formal elements of contract change, the essential elements of contract change, And briefly analyzes the relationship between contract change and real right change to make a more comprehensive, in-depth discussion and analysis. In order to distinguish the similar concepts such as contract modification, contract renewal, debt renewal and so on. In order to better use the general principles of contract Law and the relevant civil law principles to analyze the contract modification, this paper provides a way of analysis.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D923.6

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